第05讲 工具书_141211.pptVIP

* It is wise to refer to encyclopedias for first guidance; it is priggish to disregard them; it is foolish to depend too much on them. —— George Sarton 将百科全书作为首选工具书是明智的； 无视百科全书是自负的； 过分依赖百科全书是愚蠢的。 百科全书的疏漏 5.3 词 典Dictionaries dictionary from the Latin word “dictionarium” or “dictionarius”, which means “a collection of words”. lexicon from Ancient Greek “lexis”, which means “word”. glossary from the Latin word “glossa” which means “rare word needing special explanation”. The classification of dictionaries ?. content 1. encyclopedic dictionary 2. language dictionary a. general monolingual bilingual multilingual b. specific 3. specialized The classification of dictionaries Ⅱ. principles of compilation prescriptive principle （规范性原则） descriptive principle （描述性原则） historical principle （历史性原则） The classification of dictionaries Ⅲ. Amount of entries (words) 1. unabridged dictionary （足本） over 265,000 entries 2. abridged dictionary （半足本） 130,000 – 180,000 entries 3. concise dictionary 80,000 – 120,000 entries 4. learner’s dictionary 50,000 – 80,000 entries General English Language Dictionary Ⅳ. learner’s dictionary Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary 1st ed., 1987 2nd ed., 1995 3rd ed., 2001 Collins COBUILD English Dictionary for Advanced Learners about 100,000 entries General English Language Dictionary Ⅳ. learner’s dictionary Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary （双解） 1st ed.《COBUILD 英汉双解词典》 上海译文出版社，2002. 特点：the order of adjectives qualitative, colour, classifying Dictionaries are like watches: the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true. —— Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) No one dictionary of a language is sufficient: each has its advantages and defects, and the more dictionaries there are, the richer the people. —— Robert Lewis Collison * * * Index ( 2 vols. A – K; L – Z ) 172,400 entries 475,105 reference points e.g. Hemingway, Ernest Miller ( 在In