SubjunctiveMood资料.ppt

English Grammar Moods Definition：以动词形式表现出来的语法特征，表示说话人对所说事物的态度。 Three types of moods: Indicative mood (陈述语气) 表示对情况的叙述。E.g.: France lies on the windward side of Europe. He is very careful. Imperative mood (祈使语气) 表示要求、命令、请求、劝告等。E.g.: Be more careful next time. Don’t be late for the meeting. Subjunctive mood (虚拟语气) 表示假设的情况、主观愿望等。E.g.: I wish you were more careful. If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. Unreal Conditional Clause 虚拟条件从句表示现在 Structure： If+从句主语+动词过去式, 主句主语+should(第一人称)/would(第一、二、三人称)+do. E.g.: If I knew her number, I would telephone her. Tom would travel if he had more money. If I didn’t want to go, I wouldn’t. If he were still alive today, I’m sure he would be happy to see the changes. Note: 虚拟条件从句中的to be要以were形式出现。 Structure： 1) If+从句主语+动词过去式, 主句主语+should(第一人称)/would(第一、二、三人称)+do. 2) If+从句主语+were to do, 主句主语+should(第一人称)/would(第一、二、三人称)+do. 3) If+从句主语+should do, 主句主语+should(第一人称)/would(第一、二、三人称)+do. E.g.: If we didn’t go to their party next week, they would be very angry. What would you do if you won a million dollars? If I were to/should do the experiment, I would do it some other way. Note: 在较正式文体中，if从句中也可以用would do。E.g.： I would be very grateful if you would send me your brochure and price list as soon as possible. Structure： If从句主语+had done, 主句主语+should(第一人称)/would(第一、二、三人称)+have done. E.g.: If I had known that you were ill, I would have gone to see you. If I had gone to the party last night, I would have seen Ann. If I had seen you, I would have said hello. Note: A. “假设”为过去时而与现在时的主句结合，可为： had done (if从句表示过去)+would do (主句表示现在) E.g.: If I had gone to the party last night, I would be tired now. B. would have可以和might have、could have互相替换。E.g.: 1). If we had played better, we might have won. 2). We could have gone out if the weather hadn’t been so bad. Inversion of Conditional Clause 在书面语中，条件从句可以不用连词if，而将谓语中的助动词were，had或should等移至主语前。 E.g.: Had they not g