章回体《石头记》他叙传考辨——纪念“曹雪芹”逝世二百五十周年.doc

章回体《石头记》系他叙传考辨 ——纪念“曹雪芹”逝世二百五十周年 陈志烨 （湖南大学 经济与贸易学院，湖南 长沙 410082） [摘 要]章回体《石头记》之作者“曹雪芹”当是高士奇之曾孙、高衡之庶子，其所写之薛家即高士奇家，薛蟠即高衡，薛蝌即高岱，贾雨村即佟赋伟，贾家是康熙母舅之家佟家，贾宝玉是佟盛年之曾孙、夸岱第二子，林如海即曹寅，所写之事就《石头记》前八十回而言，从“林黛玉”进入佟家算起，时间上是在康熙四十八年（1709）至康熙末年间。因此，章回体《石头记》是典型的他叙传，而非胡适等人所说的自叙传。胡适自叙传论之错误，在于：（1）没能疑问敦诚关于曹雪芹家世的看法；（2）误把本来指“石头”的一段话当成了指“曹雪芹”；（3）没能考虑林如海原型有可能是曹寅；（4）没能抓住“薛家是哪家”方是解决红学问题的关键。 [关键词]《石头记》；他叙传；“曹雪芹” [中图分类号] I207.411 Analysis of Serial Novel The Story of the stone is indirect narration ? ---Commemoration of the 250th anniversary of the death of “Cao Xueqin” CHEN Zhiye (School of economic ＆trade, Hunan University, Changsha ,Hunan 410079,China) Abstract: The author of Serial Novel The story of the stone was the great–grandson of Gao Shiqi, also was the concubine’s son of Gao Heng, family Xue wrote by him was family Gao Shiqi, Xue Pan was Gao Heng, Xue Ke was Gao Dai, Jia Yucun was Tong Fuwei, family Jia was family Tong --- Kang Xi mother’s bother , Jia Baoyu was the great–grandson of Tong Shengnian ,also was the second son of Kua Dai, Lin Ruhai was Cao Yin, the time to the first 80th of The story of the stone since Lin Daiyu came into family Tong was from the forty-eight years of Kangxi dynasty (1709) to late of Kangxi dynasty . Therefore, Serial Novel The story of the stone is typical indirect narration, not Autobiography what Hu Shi said. The mistake of Hu Shi’s standpoint was (1)Not query of the Dun Cheng’s viewpoint to Cao Xueqin’s extraction (2) Taken the paragraph refered to “Stone” for “Cao Xueqin” (3) Not taken into consideration of prototype of Lin Ruhai should be Cao Yin (4)Not known “which family is family Jia ” was the key of resolution of Redology. ? Key words: The story of the stone, Indirect Narration, Cao Xueqin 关于章回体《石头记》，胡适先生首先从考证一面断定了它是曹寅之孙的自叙传。胡适之后，名家中鲁迅、俞平伯二人对胡适的看法表示了或多或少的赞同或认可[1-4]，而周汝昌则以更多的“考证”表示了支持[5]。不过，也有人对胡适的看法表示了异议或非议[6-9]。章回体《石头记》究竟是不是自叙传，它的作者“曹雪芹”到底是谁，所写之事又是发生在什么时候，这些问题，如果在“曹雪芹”第二百五十个忌辰纪念日即将来临的前夕，仍不能让人得到较为安心的解答，那么我们这些红学研究者们当如何来度过公元2013年2月12日？本文目的，