图论第5章讲义.ppt

* 例1 讨论下图G=(X, Y)是否有完美匹配。 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 G=(X, Y) 解：取初始匹配 M=｛x1y1, x2y3｝ (a) S=｛x3｝,T=Φ; x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 G=(X, Y) x3 H * (b ) N(S)= ｛y2, y3｝, N(S)≠T, 取y2 ∈N(S)-T (c) y2为M非饱和点，加上y2和边x3y2生长树H。此时，置M=MΔE(P)=｛x1y1, x2y3, x3y2｝ x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 G=(X, Y) y2 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 G=(X, Y) x3 H * (a) S=｛x4｝,T=Φ; x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 G=(X, Y) (b ) N(S)= ｛y2, y3｝, N(S)≠T, 取y2 ∈N(S)-T (c) y2为M饱和点，y2x3∈ M。此时，置S=S∪｛x3｝={x3， x4} T=T∪｛y2｝= ｛y2｝ (b ) N(S)= ｛y2, y3｝ ≠T，取y3 ∈N(S)-T x4 y2 x3 * (c) y3为M饱和点，x2