初中英語形容词,副词比较级和最高级的用法和训练.doc

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成和用法。 （一 ）比较级和最高级的构成： 1 加-er,-est构成比较级和最高级。 【1】单音节形容词和副词 high-higher-highest hard-harder-hardest 【2】以不发音的-e结尾的 safe-safer-safest late-later-latest 【3】辅音字母要双写的情况： big-bigger-biggest hot-hotter-hottest 【4】以辅音加-y结尾的情况 dry-drier-driest merry-merrier-merrist 2 加more,most构成比较级和最高级。 【1】多音节的形容词和副词 expensive-more expensive-most expensive carefully-more carefully-most carefully 【2】由形容词加-ly构成的副词 slowly-more slowly-most slowly highly-more highly-most highly 【3】以-ful,-less,-able,-ous,-ive,-ing等结尾的双音节形容词 useless-more useless-most useless serious-more serious-most seriuos 【4】分词形容词tired,pleased及glad,often,real,right,wrong等单音节形容词 tired-more tired-most tired glad-more glad-most glad （3）形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的不规则构成法。 good/well-better-best bad/ill/badly-worse-worst many/much-more-most little-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest （二） 比较级和最高级的用法 1 比较级的表示法：主语+be +比较级+than…;主语+谓语+比较级+than… （1）不同主语的比较： He is two years younger than I. This machine works better than that one. Li Ming studies harder than Wang Ling. （2）同一主语不同方面的比较： She is now happier than she has ever been. The exam was easier than we expected. We have had much more rain this year than last year. （3）用于修饰比较级的词：even,(very) much,far,a lot,still This book is much thicker than that one. He works even harder than before. 2最高级的用法以及most/mostly/almost/at most 的含义 （1） 形容词和副词最高级的用法 三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。最高级中表示比较范围的常用among,in,of引导的介词短语或从句表示。 Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. He works (the) hardest in his class. Shanghai is among the largest cities in the world. This is the tallest building in our school. Of all the books,this is the most useful one for us students. It is the biggest zoo I’ve ever visited. （2） 修饰最高级的词 最高级可以用序数词以及much,by far,nearly,almost修饰 The Yellow River is the second longest in China. Of the three boys Jack is almost the cleverest. （3）可以不加冠词的情况 作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词 Of all the boys he came (the) earliest. I like spri