米开朗琪罗作品WorksofMichelangelo总汇.pptx

Michelangelo strength ,beauty and sorrow Throughout the Middle Ages, painters were considered skilled crafts workers on a level with goldsmiths, carpenters, and other tradespeople. By the mid–16th century, in contrast, Michelangelo could claim that “in Italy great princes as such are not held in honor or renown; it is a painter that they call divine.” From anonymous crafts workers to divinely talented individuals more honored and renowned than princes—what had happened? Renaissance humanists held that humankind was not worthless in the eyes of God, as the Church had taught during the Middle Ages. Rather, humankind was God’s finest and most perfect creation. Reason and creativity were God’s gifts, proof of humankind’s inherent(与生俱来的) dignity. People’s obligation(义务) to God was not to tremble and submit but, rather, to soar, striving to realize their full intellectual and creative potential.（奋发向上，努力实现自己全部的智力和创造潜能） First, Italy had been among the first areas to recover economically from the chaos of the early Middle Ages. The city-states was wealthy, independent, and fiercely competitive,they would vie with one another to engage the finest artists. The Church, also an important patron of the arts, was centered in Italy as well. Humanism arose first in Italy, and it was in Italy that the first university position in Greek studies was established. Finally, Italians had long lived amid the ruins of ancient Rome, and they viewed themselves as the direct descendants of the earlier civilization. The pursuit of beauty made painting,sculpture, and architecture as intellectual activities allied with mathematics,science, and poetry. Artists were no longer crafts workers, but learned persons whose creative powers were viewed as almost miraculous(不可思议的). The greatest artists were considered a breed apart(与众不同的人), forming a class of people respected not because of who they were but because of what they could do. The term “Renaissance man” is applied to someone who is very wel