英语音标入门知识.docVIP

英语音标入门 一．英语共有48个音素，元音20个(发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍) 辅音28个（发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍） 元音 /i:/ /?/ /e/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /ɑ:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /U:/ /?/ /e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ 清辅音 (发音的时候声带不振动发音部位比较靠前，在口腔前部，不振动声带，发音的时候感觉人在往前倾p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ /t?/ /tr/ /ts/ /h/ ? 浊辅音(发音的时候声带要振动 发音部位比较靠后，在轰隆部位，发音时候感觉头在往后倾b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/?/?/ /d?/ /dr/?/dz/ /r/ /m/ /n/ /?/?/?/ /w/ /j/ s与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化 /p/ /t/ /k/ 它们浊化后，分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/i:/ be he cream eat green need /?/ big city /e/ any many bed best breakfast /?/ at bag /?:/ her birth first /?/ hello ruler /ɑ:/ afternoon class art card /?/ color come young country bus but /?:/ all also report short more store /?/ want watch clock from your four /U:/ do movie cool food you group /?/ put /e?/ age case day May great /a?/ ice like night /??/ boy toy /??/ go no boat coat show know /a?/ found sound how now /??/ really dear year /e?/ /??/ 辅音 /p/ pen play /t/ table take /k/ call can key kid school black rock /f/ family father laugh cough phone photo /θ/ thank thing /s/ city sad salad /?/ sure sugar machine she shoe /t?/ future natural chair chess watch match /tr/ trip trumpet /ts/ bats hats /h/ hat have who /b/ bag ball /d/ dad date /g/ game get guard guess /v/ video violin /e/ that this /z/ is his zero zigzag /?/ usually pleasure /d?/ biology giraffe job join /dr/ draw drawer /dz/ beds cards /r/ red ruler write /m/ many math climb autumn /n/ name nice sign foreign know /?/ sign /?/ last late /w/ want watch what why /j/ year yes 三．单词重音（word stress）[b?d],dad[d?d]. 由两个音节构成的词叫双音节词，如funny?[f?n?]?，famous?[fem?s]? 由两个以上音节构成的单词叫多音节词，如delicious?[d?l???s]? 英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节，由符号“ ’”表示，如about?[?baut]。有的多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，或两个都是主重音，次重音用符号“，”表示，标在次重音的左下方。如anybody?[?n?,bɑd?]。双音节的重音一般落在第一个音节上，多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节，如documentary?[,dɑkj?m?nt?r?]，grandfather?[gr?nd,fɑe?]。 四．句子重音（sentence stress） 一个句子中，实词（名词，实义动词，数词，形容词，副词等）重读；虚词（冠词，介词）不重读。