2.Bones of limb.pptVIP

Bones of Limbs四肢骨 山东大学医学院 解剖教研室 吴凤霞 Bones of upper limb 上肢骨 Shoulder girdle 上肢带骨 Clavicle 锁骨 Scapula 肩胛骨 Bones of free upper limb 自由上肢骨 Arm: humerus 肱骨 Forearm Radius 桡骨 Ulna 尺骨 Bones of hand Carpal bones 腕骨 Metacarpal bones 掌骨 Phalanges of fingers 指骨 Clavicle 锁骨 “S” shaped, medial 2/3 convex forward and lateral 1/3 convex backward Sternal end 胸骨端 (medially) Acromial end 肩峰端 (laterally) Scapula 肩胛骨 Two surfaces Anterior surface: subscapular fossa 肩胛下窝 Posterior surface: spine of scapula 肩胛冈 acromion 肩峰 supra- and infraspinous fossa 冈上、下窝 Three borders Superior: coracoid process 喙突 scapular notch 肩胛切迹 Medial (vertebral) border 脊柱缘 Lateral (axillary) border 腋缘 Three angles Superior: opposite to the 2nd rib Inferior: opposite to the 7th rib or 7th intercostals space Lateral: glenoid cavity 关节盂 supra- and infraglenoid tubercles 盂上、下结节 Humerus 肱骨 Upper end: Head of humerus 肱骨头 Anatomical neck 解剖颈 Greater tubercle 大结节 Lesser tubercle 小结节 Crest of greater tubercle 大结节嵴 Crest of lesser tubercle 小结节嵴 Intertubercular groove 结节间沟 Surgical neck 外科颈 Humerus 肱骨 Shaft: Deltoid tuberosity (on lateral surface) 三角肌粗隆 Groove for radial nerve (on posterior surface)桡神经沟 Humerus 肱骨 Lower end: Capitulum of humerus 肱骨小头 Trochlea of humerus肱骨滑车 Coranoid fossa 冠突窝 (anteriorly) Radial fossa 桡窝 (anteriorly) Olecranon fossa 鹰嘴窝 (posteriorly) Lateral epicondyle 外上髁 Medial epicondyle 内上髁Sulcus for ulnar nerve 尺神经沟 Radius 桡骨 Upper end: head of radius 桡骨头 neck of radius 桡骨颈 radial tuberosity 桡骨粗隆 articular circumference 环状关节面 Shaft： interosseous border 骨间缘 Lower end: styloid process (laterally) 桡骨茎突 ulnar notch (medially) 尺切迹 carpal articular surface (inferiorly) 腕关节面 Ulnar 尺骨 Upper end: trochlear notch 滑车切迹 Olecranon 鹰嘴 coronoid process 冠突 radial notch 桡切迹 ulnar tubersity 尺骨粗隆 Lower end head of ulna 尺骨头 styloid process 尺骨茎突 Colles’ fracture Normally, the radial styloid process projects further distally than the ulnar sty