高中英语unit 22 lesson 2 endangered species 1语法北师大版选修8.docVIP

Unit 22 Lesson 2 Endangered Species 间接引语 一、定义 当我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语，并用引号引起来；也可以用自己的话转述别人的意思，被转述的部分称为间接引语，不用引号。间接引语多数构成宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，须在时态及代词，状语和语序等方面作一些必要的调整。 二、时态的变化 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 过去进行时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 ? “I’m preparing my lessons,” she said. She said that she was preparing her lessons. I said to them, “you’ll be disappointed at the news.: I told them that they would be disappointed at the news. He said to me, “Jane spent all her time doing that.” He told me that Jane had spent all her time doing that. 直接引语中的谓语动词为一般过去时,如与一个具体表示过去的时间连用,在变成间接引语时可以不变. My father said to me, “I read the book in 1996.” My father told me he read the book in 1996. 直接引语表达的意思是客观真理时,在变为间接引语时时态不变. The teacher said to us, “the earth goes around the sun.” The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 三、代词的变动 人称代词要根据句中的具体情况作相应的变动。 “I haven’t brought my dictionary,” the boy said. The boy said that he hadn’t brought his dictionary. Note: this ,these要变成that, those. 四、状语的变动 直接引语 间接引语 now then ago before today that day this morning That morning yesterday The day before yesterday morning The morning before tomorrow The next day, the following day, the day after last week/month… The week/month…before next week/month… The week/month…after this week/month… That week/month… here there “I’ll come and see you again this evening, Tom,” he said. He told Tom that he would go and see him again that evening. “I’ll come here again tomorrow,” she said. She said that she would go there again the next day. 五、直接引语为疑问句时的变动 当直接引语是疑问句时，除注意在人称，时态和状语等方面作相应的变动外，还要注意： 1．间接引语改为陈述句的语序 .She asked, “what is it? what’s going to happen now?” She asked what it was and what was going to happen then. 2．特殊疑问句的疑问词要保留 The boy was wondering, “How does the computer work?” The boy was wondering how the computer worked. 3．一般、选择、可反意问句在间接引语前要加whether或if “ Is there anything wrong, Madam?” asked the man. The man asked the woman if there w