(必看)泥石流冲击特性模型试验_陈洪凯.docxVIP

第 33 卷第 5 期重庆大学学报Vol.33 No .52010 年 5 月Journal of Chongqing Univer sityM ay 2010　　文章编号:1000-582X(2010)05-114-06泥石流冲击特性模型试验陈洪凯1 , 2 ,唐红梅1 , 2 ,鲜学福1 ,张玉萍2(1 .重庆大学西南资源开发及环境灾害控制工程教育部重点实验室 , 重庆 400044 ; 2 .重庆交通大学岩土与地质工程系 , 重庆 400074)摘 要 :针对沟谷泥石流, 建立了泥石流冲击试验模型 , 选定 0 .3 ～ 0 .8 cm 、0 .8 ～ 15 cm 和 1 .5～ 3 .0 cm 等 3 种固相粒径组和 0 .02 、0 .08 、0 .16 、0 .20 、0 .25 等5 种固相比,拟定了 15 种水石流 试验工况;实施了 40 余组模型试验 ,采用 Fastcam-ultima1024 型高速摄像机、HS200 型动态应力传 感器和多通道动态应变仪等测试仪器获得了 85 000 多个测试数据。试验结果表明 ,低固相比时 ,泥 石流脉动特征显著, 泥石流阵流特性随着固相比增大逐渐显现, 且随着泥石流中固相颗粒粒径增 大,出现初始阵流的时间提前 ;随着固相比及固相颗粒粒径的增大 ,泥石流冲击力具有非线性增加 趋势 ;泥石流沟口的平均流速随着固相比增大具有降低趋势。成果可为系统实施不同浆体粘度及 不同固相比泥石流冲击特性试验及理论研究提供科学借鉴。关键词 :泥石流 ;冲击特性 ;模型试验 ;固相比 ;颗粒粒径　　中图分类号 :P642 .23文献标志码 :AExperimental model of debris flow impact featuresCHEN Hong-kai1 ,2 , TANG Hong-mei 1, 2 , XIAN Xue-fu1 , ZHANG Yu-ping2(1 .Key Laboratory For the exploitation of Southwestern Resources the Environmental Disaster Control Engineering , Ministry of Education , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P .R.China ;2.Department of Geological Geotechnical Engineering , Chongqing Jiaotong University , Chongqing 400074 , P .R.China)Abstract :This paper developes the physical experim ental model for the valley-shaped debris flow , and draw up 15 operating modes in accordance with three sets of particle solids at 0 .3 ～ 0 .8 cm , 0 .8 ～ 15 cm and 1 .5～ 3 .0 cm in diameter and fluid at the solid to liquid (RSL)rate of 0 .02 , 0 .08 , 0 .16 , 0 .20 and 0 .25 .It conducts m ore than 40 simulations , and obtained 85 000 data using the new test methods such as Fastcam-ultima1024 typed CCD cam era , H S200 typed dynamic transducer and multi-channel strain instrument .The experimental results show that the debris flow fluctuation becomes obvious at low RS L , the debris flowsurge gradually embodies w ith the increaseof RS Land theinitial surge appears ahead of time w iththeincrease of particle diameter .The impactforces ofdebrisflow trend to increase nonlinearly w iththeincrease of RS L and part