铣削基础知识.ppt

* * * Select a cutter diameter greater than the workpiece width by a ratio of 1.5 to 1. This will insure that each insert enters the cut without the frictional "No Chip" phase which occurs when attempting to cut the full cutter diameter. Also, the insert leaves the part without reducing the chip down to zero. These benefits can greatly extend insert life. * A RIGHT HAND cutter is one which when viewed from above rotates clockwise relative to the workpiece. A LEFT HAND cutter is one which when viewed from above rotates counter-clockwise relative to the workpiece. * The lead angle of a cutter is not intended for producing a specific angle on the work. In fact, because of compound angles, a given lead angle will not produce the angle exactly. The exception to the foregoing statement is the 0 degree lead cutter, sometimes called a 90 degree cutter, which is designed for milling to square shoulders and producing a 90 degree corner. The purpose of lead angle is to thin the chip while absorbing a given depth of cut over a greater portion of the insert edge. This results in improved tool life and, for a given horsepower, a greater depth of cut potential. For example, 30 degree lead angle is a good choice for face milling in general purpose applications. * The lead angle of a milling cutter has a direct effect upon the cutting forces being presented to the work piece, cutting tool and machine. The resultant force is always directly perpendicular to the cutting edge. A lead angle may, therefore, be a major consideration in how we want to direct the forces. For example, in a thin section work piece, a high lead angle may cause deflection since there is more tendency to "push" the part away from the cutter. On the other hand, a 0 degree lead cutter has more deflective force on the machine spindle. * The pitch of a cutter refers to the number of inserts placed into a given diameter. In general, the modern milling cutter has a coarse pitch to allow sufficient load per tooth with