毕业设计(论文)-步进电机控制系统设计.doc

摘要 步进电机是将电脉冲信号转变为角位移或线位移的执行机构。步进电机是一种功能特殊的电动机，它可以通过控制脉冲频率来控制电机转动的速度和加速度，而达到调速的目的，并且可以进行精准的定位，因此它能够在实际的应用中得到广泛的使用。 本文介绍了以AT89C52为控制元件的步进电机控制系统，实现了用按键对步进电机的开启、停止、加速、减速、反转等操作，该控制系统包含硬件电路部分和软件设计部分，硬件部分包括晶振模块、复位模块、按键模块、驱动模块、显示模块。软件编写使用了Keil uvision4软件编程工具、protell 99se软件画图工具、protues软件仿真工具。整个系统采用模块化设计,结构简单、可靠,通过按键控制，LCD1602液晶显示步进电机运行状态，ULN2003驱动步进电机运行，本设计操作方便，节省成本，安全性高。 关键词：步进电机 单片机 调速控制  Abstrcat Stepper motor is the electrical pulse signal into angular displacement or linear displacement actuator.Stepper is a special kind motor,We can control the number of pulses to control the amount of angular displacement, so as to achieve accurate positioning purposes; at the same time by controlling the pulse frequency to control the motor rotation speed and acceleration, and speed control purposes.So it is widely uesd in the industry.This article describes the design of the stepper motor control system 51 series MCU AT89C52 as the control core, and buttons to control the pulse frequency so as to achieve operations of starting,stopping,speeding up,slowing down,contrarotation.The control system includes hardware circuit and software design part.Hardware part includes crystals module, reset module, keys module, drive module, display module.Writing software using the Keil uvision4 programming tools, protell 99se drawing tools, protues simulation tools.The whole system uses modular design, simple structure, reliable, through the button control, and it uses LCD1602 to show the state of the stepper motor.The ULN2003 make the motor running well. It makes the operation convenient and saves the cost. Key words：Microcomputer Stepping motor Speed control system 目 录 摘要 Ι Abstrcat II 1绪论 1 2设计方案及系统功能 2 3 步进电机硬件介绍 3 3.1步进电机的概述 3 3.1.1步进电机的原理 3 3.1.2步进电机的参数 5 3.1.3步进电机的分类 6 3.2 驱动电机芯片 LUN2003A 6 3.3单片机概述 7 3.4 LCD1602液晶介绍 11 4步进电机软件编写 13 4.1 Keil uvision4简介 13 4.2 C语言知识简介 18 4.3 步进电机程序编写 19 4.3.1程序编写的方案确定 19 4.3.2 步进电机正转程序设计 22 4.3.4 步进