《国际经济与贸易教学讲义》Chapter_7_--International_trade_terms.pptVIP

Chapter 7International Trade Terms Learning Objectives 1. To understand the role of trade terms; 2. To understand the 6 commonly used trade terms; 3. To learn the other 7 trade terms. §1. Trade Terms and International Rules and Practices Relating to Trade Terms Trade terms, also known as price terms or delivery terms, are standardized terms used in sales contracts that describe the place and manner for the transfer of goods from the seller to the buyer. 贸易术语（trade terms）,又称价格术语, 交货条件，是一些标准化的英文缩写，它们对买卖双方在交易过程中有关手续、责任、风险及费用的划分作出了明确的规定。 Components of Trade Terms E.g. “US$100 per dozen FOB New York” US$ 100 per dozen FOB New York ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ Currency price per unit measurement unit trade terms Why are trade terms necessary? There are different trading practice in different countries; There are various risks and costs involved in an international trade; If the sellers and buyers in international contracts want their deals to be successfully completed, they have to make clear to each other their respective obligations and find the full expression of those in the trade terms. In order to avoid, or at least reduce the uncertainties of different interpretations of such terms in different countries, common rules should be set up. International rules practices on trade terms 1. Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 (W.O. Rules, 1932) -- This rule was drafted by the Association of International Law in 1932. It contains 21 clauses, which only stipulate the nature of CIF contract, and the charges, risks and obligations which should be borne by the seller or the buyer. 该规则是由国际法协会于1928年在波兰的华沙开会制定的，1932年在英国的牛津作了修订。它是专门为解释CIF贸易术语而制订的，对CIF买卖合同的性质作了说明，并具体规定了在CIF合同中买卖双方所承担的费用、责任和风险。 2. Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941 1919年美国的九个商业团体制订了《美国出口报价及其缩写条例》（The U.S. Export Quotations and Abbreviations); 1941年对它进行了修订，改称为《1941年美国对外贸易定义修正本》。该修正本在美国及美洲一些国家有较大的影响。 It contains 6 trad