PLC变频器在交流电动机调速控制中的应用.docVIP

PLC变频器在交流电动机调速控制中的应用 PLC inverter in the application of ac motor speed control 专 业：机械工程及自动化 姓 名：徐建鹏 指 导 老 师：韩振梅 提 交 日 期：二零一二年十二月 摘 要 随着经济的飞速发展，科技飞跃的进步，工业生产技术伴随科技的进步而前进，在市场经济环境中，企业要生存就要寻求发展，不仅产品的改良和开发要适应市场需要，而且生产设备也要改造。无论是机床、生产线或是自动控制系统等很多现代化设备都广泛使用交流电动机变速拖动控制，比较传统的控制方法十分复杂的控制线路，许多线路交织在一起，器件繁琐数量多，维修十分不方便，既费时费力又影响生产，使企业效益无法提高。传统控制线路中电动机调速不精确，生产出的产品质量也不是很好。为了保障产品的质量和生产效率，要使电动机调速更精确，我设计了采用可编程过程控制器PLC与变频器，自动控制交流电动机转速，自动调节压力的方法。PLC的通用性、可扩展性优于传统接触器，线路简单利于设备的检修维护，而且控制准确系统误差小。用变频器调速交流异步电动机的转速，可以精确控制电动机拖动系统的每一个环节，可以节省电能的消耗，把握好生产过程；而且系统的抗干扰性强，控制转速的快速性、准确性、稳定性也很好。通过PLC程序驱动变频器控制，一台交流三相异步电动机调整转速，以此取代由现场人工调节阀门从而调整压力的控制系统，不但达到同样的控制目的，而且同时也便于设备维护。 关键词：PLC； 变频器； 变频调速 ABSTRACT With the rapid development of economy, science and technology leap progress, industrial production technology along with the progress of science and technology and forward, in a market economy environment, the enterprise wants to survive seek development, not only the product improvement and development in order to adapt to the needs of the market, but also to improve production equipment. Whether machine, production line or automatic control system and so on many modern equipment are widely used ac motor speed motion control, compare the traditional control method is very complex control circuit, many line mixed together, device trival quantity, which is convenient for maintenance, both time-consuming and affect production, make the enterprise benefit cant improve. The traditional control circuit of motor speed control inaccuracy, production of the product quality is not very good. In order to ensure product quality and production efficiency, to make the motor speed control more accurate, and I designed by using the programmable process controller PLC and frequency converter, automatic control of ac motor speed, automatic regulating pressure method. PLC generality, scalability is better than traditional contactor, the circ