毕业设计论文—超声波自动测距系统设计 .docVIP

超声波自动测距系统设计 摘 要 近年来，随着汽车产业的迅速发展和人们生活水平的不断提高，我国的汽车数量正逐年增加。同时汽车驾驶人员中非职业汽车驾驶人员的比例也逐年增加。在公路、街道、停车场、车库等拥挤、狭窄的地方倒车时，驾驶员既要前瞻又要后顾，稍微不小心就会发生追尾事故。据相关调查统计，15％的汽车碰撞事故是因倒车时汽车的后视能力不良造成的。因此增加汽车的后视能力研制汽车后部探测障碍物的倒车雷达便成为近些年来的研究热点。安全避免障碍物的前提是快速、准确地测量障碍物与汽车之间的距离。为此，设计了以AT89C51单片机为核心利用超声波本文在分析超声波测距系统原理的基础上指出了设计测距仪的思路和所需考虑的问题给出了实现超声波测距方案的软、硬件设计系统框图。DESING OF AN AUTOMATIC RANGING SYSTEM BASED ON ULTRASONIC ABSTRACT In recent years, with the development of automobile industry and the improvement of peoples living standard, the number of cars is increasing year by year. At the same time, drivers without driving license are increasing. When reversing in the road, streets, parking, garage where is crowded and narrow, driver should be circumspect to avoid rear-end collision. According to related statistics, 15% of motor vehicle collisions are cause by the poor of motor vehicles rear view capability. Therefore, car reversing radar system become a hot research topic in recent years. Accurate measurement between the obstacle and the car can avoid obstacles. Therefore, the design that AT89C51 microcontroller is the core of the ultrasonic ranging system can remind the driver to avoid obstacles and pedestrians. This method can reduce the economic losses and improve the personal safety. Ultrasound is the sound waves which frequencies above 20,000 Hz. It has good direction, strong penetrating ability and the ability to obtain more focused acoustic energy. Ultrasonic wavelength is shorter than the average acoustic. And it can penetrate opaque material. Based on the analysis of the principle of ultrasonic ranging system, we points out the range finder design ideas and issues to be considered. we gives the realization of software and hardware design block diagram of ultrasonic ranging scheme. KEY WORDS：Ultrasonic， Ranging， Reversing radar，AT98C51 MCU 目　录 前　言 1 第1章 课题研究背景与意义 3 §1.1 课题研究背景 3 §1.2 4 §1.3 汽车倒车雷达的发展趋势 4 §1.4 课题研究 5 第2章 超声波测距原理与方法 6 §2.1 超