洛阳市蔬菜基地土壤重金属含量水平测定及其评价毕业设计论文.doc

洛阳市蔬菜基地土壤重金属含量水平测定及其评价 摘 要 为了解洛阳市蔬菜基地土壤中重金属污染状况，对洛阳市区及周边县市的蔬菜基地菜地土壤进行采样分析，测定了27个土壤样品的pH及重金属铬、镉、铅、汞、砷的含量水平。分别采用原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法测定样品中的重金属含量，并根据国家土壤环境质量二级标准对检测结果进行单因子污染指数和综合污染指数评价分析土壤的重金属污染状况。结果表明：在所测样品中洛阳市和栾川县蔬菜基地砷含量超标严重，除此之外其他重金属含量均未超过GB15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》二级标准限值，蔬菜种植过程含砷污水灌溉和砷制剂农药使用造成土壤中砷含量偏高。砷含量过高会造成农作物产量大幅降低，砷通过食物链的累积还会对人体健康造成危害。 关键词：蔬菜基地，重金属，污染，测定，评价 Measurement and Evaluation of Heavy Metals Content Level in Vegetable Base Soil from LuoYang ABSTRACT In order to understand the soil heavy metal pollution condition of Luoyang vegetable base, sampling an analysis was carried out the vegetable base soil of Luoyang city and the surrounding counties, 27 soil samples the PH and heavy metal Cr, Cd, Pb, Hg,As concentration levels were measured. Using Atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the determination of the heavy metal content in the samples, and in accordance with the level two national standard of soil environmental quality (GB15618-1995) on the test results to single factor pollution index and comprehensive pollution index evaluation analysis of soil heavy metal pollution and quality of vegetables. The results showed that: serious exceed the standard in the samples of Luoyang city and Luanchuan vegetable base of As content, in addition to other heavy metal content did not exceed two standard limits for soil environmental quality standards GB15618-1995, the process of vegetable cultivationarsenic-containing wastewater irrigation and arsenic preparations pesticide use resulting in high levels of arsenic in the soil. High arsenic levels can cause crop yields significantly reduce and the arsenic accumulated through the food chain will cause harm to human health. KEY WORDS: Vegetable base, Heavy metals, Pollution, Measurement, Evaluation 目　录 前　言 1 第1章 文献综述 2 1.1 我国土壤重金属污染现状 2 1.2 土壤重金属污染对农作物的危害 2 1.2.1重金属对农作物的主要危害特点 3 1.2.2重金属对农作物的毒害症状 3 1.3 绿色食品的安全认证 3 第2章 材料与方法 6 2.1 实验材料的制备 6 2.1.1 样品的采集 6 2.1.2 样品的预处理 6 2.2 分析及评价方法 6 2.2.1 分析方法 6