第十章二语习得理论答案.ppt

The input hypothesis Q1:What’s input hypothesis?(P262,Para.3,line1) Key words: Comprehensible input The affective filter hypothesis Q1:What’s the affective filter hypothesis? (P263,Para1,line1) Affection filter mainly refers to learner’s motivation, self-confidence, anxiety and attitude Positive affection Negative affection High motivation much self-confidence Low anxiety low motivation little self-confidence High anxiety Difference in the number of input Causative variables in the Monitor Model 1.Aptitude Aptitude relates to learning. Attitude relates to acquisition. 2.Role of the first language Q1:what’s the role of the first language. (Page 263,Para.3,line2) L1 serves as performance strategy. The function of L1:instead of acquired L2 knowledge in lack of L2 rule / L2 lexical items 3.Routines and patternsformulaic speech Q1:What’s the view of krashen? (Page 263 ,Para.4,line1) Formulaic speech: 1.程式化序列是预制的连续或非连续多词组合，使用时无需语法规则的分析。（Wray,2000) 2.使用程式化语言是制作策略的一个子集，它是一种现成的语言结构，以整体形式储存储存在学习者记忆中，并在运用时作为整体提取。（丁言仁，2004） 4.Individual differences Krashen claims there is no individual variation in the acquisition process. There is variation in the rate and the extent of acquisition. Determined by: 1.The amount of comprehensible input 2. The strength of the Affective Filter. There is variation in performance. Determined by : The extent of the learner’s reliance on “learnt” knowledge. 3 types of monitor users: 1.over-users 2.under- users 3.Optimal-users 5.Age Q1:In what ways does age influence SLA? (P264.Para.2,line1) Influence :1.The amount of comprehensible input 2. Learning 3.Affective state of the learner. Criticism of Monitor Model 1.The acquisition-learning distinction a. It can not be tested in empirical investigation b. The definition of acquisition and learning are not clear c. Acquisition and learning are separate non-interface position The Monitor Model Hypothesis a. It is i