初中英语构词法大全.docxVIP

初中英语构词法大全　1　转化法(conversion)　在英语中，一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。　1. 动词转化为名词　Let me have a try.　让我试试。　They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school.　在学校里只准许他们出售不含酒精的饮料。　2. 名词转化为动词　He shouldered his way through the crowd.　他用肩膀推开人群前进。　The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water.　从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。　3. 形容词转化为动词　We will try our best to better our living conditions.　我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。　They tried to perfect the working conditions.　他们努力改善工作条件。　4. 形容词转化为名词　He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.　他不辨是非。　The old in our village are living a happy life.　我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。　5. 形容词转化为副词　How long have you lived there?　你在那儿住多久了?　6. 个别词在一定场合中可转化为名词　Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.　穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。　Life is full of ups and downs.　人生有得意时也有失意时。　His argument contains too many ifs and buts.　他的辩论中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。　2　合成法(composition)　由两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成一个新词，这种构词法叫做合成法，合成的词叫做合成词(compounds)。合成词的写法由习惯决定，可以写在一起，也可以用连词符号连接。　1. 合成名词　名词/代词+名词　newspaper blood-test she-wolf　动词+名词　typewriter pickpocket daybreak　形容词+名词　greenhouse highway　副词+名词　overcoat outside　名词+v.-ing/v.-ing +名词　handwriting reading-room freezing-point　动词+副词/ 副词+ 动词　breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome　名词+介词+名词　sister-in-law editor-in-chief　2. 合成形容词　名词+形容词/形容词+名词　world-famous duty-free large-scale long- term　副词+形容词　over-anxious evergreen　名词+过去分词　man-made sun-burnt　名词+现在分词　peace-loving English-speaking　形容词+现在分词　good-looking easy-going　副词+过去分词　well-informed widespread　副词+现在分词　hardworking far-reaching　形容词+名词+ed　warm-hearted absent-minded　数词+名词+ed　three-legged ten-storied　数词+名词　one-way five–star　数词+名词+形容词　ten-year-old 800-meter-long　名词+to+名词　face –to-face door - to -door　3. 合成动词　名词+动词　baby-sit sleepwalk　副词+动词　outnumber underestimate overwork　形容词+动词　whitewash　4. 合成副词　形容词+名词　meanwhile anyway　形容词+副词　everywhere anyhow　副词+副词　however　介词+名词　beforehand overhead　介词+副词　forever　5. 合成代词　代词宾格+self/selves　herself themselves　物主代词+self/selves　myself yourselves　形容词+名词　anything nothing　6. 合成介词　副词+名词　inside outside　介词+副词　without wi