頸总动脉放血30ml对家兔血压呼吸以及尿量的影响.docVIP

颈总动脉放血30ml对家兔血压、呼吸以及尿量的影响 【摘要】目的 探讨家兔失血30ml后分别对其血压、呼吸以及尿量的影响 方法 取家兔一只，经麻醉后分别行颈总动脉、气管以及膀胱插管术，连接完生物信号采集系统后，于另一侧颈总动脉进行放血，放血30ml后观察家兔血压、呼吸以及尿量的变化情况 结果 放血30ml后家兔因缺血导致血压瞬间发生波动继而呈逐渐下降趋势，呼吸频率也加快，可见家兔呼吸急促、困难等肺功能不全的表现，计算单位时间内的尿量情况得出尿量也随之减少。同时观察到家兔皮肤黏膜发绀，抽搐，体表温度降低，气管插管口有粉红色泡沫样液体渗出等现象 结论 家兔颈总动脉放血30ml后动脉血压下降，左心室负荷不足，造成急性心力衰竭，继而引发肺水肿。同时肾血流量减少，肾小球滤过减少，造成肾功能不全，导致尿量减少 【关键词】缺血；心力衰竭；肺功能不全；肾功能不全 【Abstract】Objective Explore the rabbit blood loss 30ml respectively, of its blood pressure,respiration and urine Methods From rabbit one through the carotid artery, trachea, and bladder catheterization were performed after anesthesia, after you have finished connecting the bio-signal acquisition system, on the other side of the common carotid artery bled, the bleeding observed after 30ml of rabbit blood pressure, respiratory and urinaryvolume changes Results Rabbit ischemic blood pressure bloodletting 30ml instantaneous fluctuations followed by a gradual decrease in respiratory rate has also accelerated the cause shortness of breath, difficulty, the unit of time the amount of urine obtained urine output is also reduced. Observed in rabbit skin and mucous membrane cyanosis, convulsions, skin temperature decreased, endotracheal intubation mouth pink fomay liquid exudation Conclusion Rabbit carotid artery bleeding 30ml arterial blood pressure decreased lack of left wentricular load, resulting in acute heart failure, which led to pulmonary edema. Renal blood flow reduction in glomerular filtration rate decreased, resulting in decreased urine output 【Key words】Blood pressure；Heart failure；Pulmonary insufficiency；Renal insufficiency 当机体失血量少于全身血量的10%时，机体可通过自身的代偿功能使血压和组织灌流量保持基本正常。当机体快速失血超过总血量的20%左右时，血容量急剧减少，静脉回流不足，心输出量减少，血压下降；加之压力感受性反射活动减弱，引起交感神经强烈兴奋，外周血管收缩，组织有效血液灌流量不足而发生休克[1]，继而引发机体呼吸、尿量等一系列变化。 【实验材料和方法】 1.实验材料 1.1实验对象：家兔 1.2药品和试剂：氨基甲酸乙酯、生理盐水 1.3实验器材：微机信号处理系统、压力换能器、呼吸换能器、手术器材 2.实验方法 2.1麻醉手术：家兔称重，按5 ml/kg体重剂量于耳缘静脉缓慢注射200 g/L氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉。 2.2颈部手术：将麻醉的兔子仰卧位固定于手术台上，颈前部剪毛，作正中切口，钝性分离颈部组织、肌肉。分离两侧颈总动脉、气管。 2.3