汉英语言对比与翻译概要.ppt

英汉词语对比与翻译 系统、语义及其他 Case 1 The factors which are likely to influence investment spending do not stop here. 译：可能影响投资开支的因素并不止这些。 析：do not stop here 由“不停留在这里”转译为“并不止这些”。 Case 2 Whether you like it or not, globalization is here to stay. We are not going to reverse the trend. 译：不管你对它的态度如何，经济全球化已成为我们生活的一部分，这个趋势不可逆转。 析：若把它死译为“呆在这里”，不通顺。但引申为“已成为我们生活的一部分”，把原文的信息充分地传达出来，且易于读者理解。 Case 3 Our products, if maintained properly and regularly, can at least see twenty years’ service. 译：我们的产品如果适当地定期检修，至少可以使用20年。 析：see twenty years’ service 由“看见20年的服务”转译为“使用20年”。 Case 4 That’s a tall story about the town’s high street. 原译：这就是有关镇上高处街道的大故事。 改译: 有关这城主街的说法是在令人难以置信。 high street: the main street of a town or a city; tall: a. hard to believe, exaggerated Denotation is also called dictionary meaning, inherent meaning, central signification. The Chinese equivalents are 指示意义、本义、词典意义、所指意义、中心意义、外延意义. Connotation: 内涵意义，隐含意义idea or notion suggested by or associated with a word, phrase, etc, in addition to its explicit meaning, or denotation. “Politician” has different connotations from “statesman” 月亮：团圆、爱情、故乡等 Moon: gloom, horror 1. The definition of denotation and connotation Denotation : (词等的)指示意义，本义. The direct, explicit meaning or reference of a word or term. The denotation of “home” is “place where one lives”, but it has many connotations. Moon: 1. the natural satellite of the Earth 2. any object resembling a moon Connotation is also called non-inherent meaning or secondary meaning. The Chinese equivalents are 内涵意义，隐含意义，涵义，比喻意义，引申意义，次要意义. 2. The understanding and translation of denotation 在翻译时应结合词语所处的具体搭配关系和语言环境进行全面、周密的分析。 在这种情况下 Under such circumstances 现在情况不同了 Now things are different. 前线有什么情况？ How is the situation at the front? 我们可能去那儿，那得看情况而定。 We may go there, but that depends 前面有情况，做好战斗准备。 There’s enemy activity ahead. Prepare for combat. 他就着油灯读信 He read the letter by the oil lamp. 我这星期不忙，就你的时间吧。 Make it any time at your convenience. I’m not busy this week. 花生仁就酒挺合适的