ACCA考试《3财务会计》辅导资料3.docVIP

ACCA考试《F3财务会计》辅导资料3 本文由高顿ACCA整理发布，转载请注明出处 ? ?　The accounting equation? 　　Financial accounting is based upon a very simple idea: ? 　　The amount of resources supplied by the owner is called capital. The actual resources that are then in the business are called assets. Usually, people other than the owner have supplied some, of the assets, for example, a supplier supplies stock of goods on credit. The business is said to owe a liability towards these suppliers. The following accounting equation always holds true: ? 　　The accounting equation: ? 　　ASSETS = PROPRITOR’S CAPITAL + LIABILITIES ? 　　- Any point in time, the assets of the business will be equal to its liabilities plus the capital of the business; ? 　　- Assets less liabilities equal the capital of the business, which is known as netassets. ? 　　- Each and every transaction that the business makes or enters into has two ? 　　aspects to it and have a double effect on the business and the accounting ? 　　equation. This is known as the duality concept. ? 　　Duality concept: Each and every transaction that the business makes or enters into has two aspects to it and has a double effect on the business and the accounting equations. This is known as duality concept. ? 　　if A=C+L=0 .......① ? 　　C=A-L........② ? 　　Illustration: ? 　　1). Carl sets up in business by opening a coffee shop – Carl’s Coffee. He puts $5,000 into a business bank account. ? 　　The opening accounting equation is: ? 　　Assets (Cash in bank)= Capital + Liabilities ? 　　($5,000)　　 = ($5,000) + ($0) ? 　　2). Carl buys furniture (chairs and tables) for the shop for $1,500, paying the supplier out of the business bank account. ? 　　The accounting equation after this transaction is: ? 　　Assets　　　　　　　　　　　　Capital　 +　 Liabilties ? 　　( Cash in bank $3,500)　 = ($5,000) 　　　($0) ? 　　(Furniture $ 1,500) ? 　　3). Now Carl spends a further $2,000 to buy coffee-making equipment and $800 on crockery and cutlery, paying cash out of the business bank account. ? 　　The accounting