本科毕业设计__大豆品种资源对疫霉根腐病抗病性评价.docVIP

黑龙江大学 本 科 生 毕 业 论 文 论 文 题 目 ：大豆品种资源对疫霉根腐病抗病性评价 学 院：农业资源与环境学院 年 级：2011级 专 业：植物保护 姓 名：郭亮 学 号 指导教师：马淑梅 2014年 5 月 7日 摘 要 通过对大豆品种抗疫霉根腐病鉴定，旨在为抗病育种提供优良抗源和挖掘新的抗病基因。采用苗期下胚轴接种方法，对黑龙江和吉林大豆品种接种疫霉根腐病菌优势生理小种。结果表明：黑龙江省的137份大豆品种对1号生理小种表现抗病的有54个，占39.4%，表现感病的有83个，占60.6%。吉林省的54份大豆品种对1号生理小种表现抗病的有34个，占63%，表现感病的有20个，占37%。 大豆品种对多个生理小种（5个）的抗性鉴定结果表明，参鉴的黑龙江省99个大豆品种中，有41个品种抗1个或1个以上的小种，占鉴定总数的41.4%。其中，有9个品种对5个小种表现为抗病，占9.1%；有3个品种对4个小种表现为抗病，占3.0%；有5个品种对3个小种表现为抗病，占5.1%；有14个品种对2个小种表现为抗病，占14.1%；有10个品种对1个小种表现为抗病，占10.1%。 关键词 大豆品种；疫霉根腐病；抗性评价 Abstract We identify soybean cultivar resistant to Phytophthora sojae to supply good anti-disease resource for breeding for disease resistance and discover new disease-resistant genes. We use seedling stage hypocotyl inoculation method to vaccinate advantage physiological seeds of Phytophthora sojae in Heilongjiang and Jilin soybean cultivar. Our results showed that there were 54 soybean cultivars in 137 cultivars in Heilongjiang Province resistant to Number 1 physiological seed, occupied 39.4%, and 83 cultivars were susceptible to disease, occupied 60.6%. While in Jilin Province, 34 cultivars in 54 soybean cultivars were resistant to Number 1 physiological seed, occupied 63%, 20 ones were susceptible, occupied 37%. The identification results of soybean cultivar resistant to 5 physiological seeds revealed that in 99 soybean cultivars from Heilongjiang identified, there were 41 cultivars were resistant to one or more than one seed, occupied 41.4% of the total identified, and 5 cultivars resisted to 3 seeds, occupied 5.1%, as well as 14 cultivars were resistant to 2 seeds, occupied 14.1%, and 10 cultivars was able to resist to 1 seed, occupied 10.1%. Key words soybean cultivar; Phytophthora sojae; resistant evaluation 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 前言 1 1.1大豆疫霉根腐病概述 1 1.1.1大豆根腐病的分布和危害 1 1.1.2大豆根腐病菌的生物学特性 1 1.1.3大豆根腐病菌的侵染和流行规