c++primer学习笔记2.docVIP

? C++Primer PLus 第五版读书笔记2 分类：?IT书籍读书笔记2012-08-27 16:46?1019人阅读?评论(0)?收藏?举报 c++读书deleteiosstring 类的自动转换和强制类型转换1)如果构造函数中含有类似的拷贝函数： CStonewt( double lbs ){?m_nStone = int( lbs ) / Lbs_per_stn;?m_fPds_left = int( lbs ) % Lbs_per_stn + lbs - int( lbs );?m_fPounds = lbs;} 那么使用CStonewt myCat;myCat = 19;程序将使用构造函数CStonewt( double lbs )来创建一个临时的CStonewt对象，并将19.6作为初始值。随后，采用逐成员赋值方式将该临时对象的内容赋值到myCat中(比如m_nStone = int( lbs ) / Lbs_per_stn;)。这一过程称为隐式转换，因为他是自动进行的，而不需要显示强制类型转换。如果换成CStonewt( double lbs, int i )有两个参数，因此不能用来转换类型。 [cpp]?view plaincopyprint? #include?stdafx.h?? #include?iostream?? using?namespace?std;?? ?? namespace?? {?? ????class?CStonewt?? ????{?? ????public:?? ????????CStonewt(?double?lbs?)?? ????????{?? ????????????m_nStone?=?int(?lbs?)?/?Lbs_per_stn;?? ????????????m_fPds_left?=?int(?lbs?)?%?Lbs_per_stn?+?lbs?-?int(?lbs?);?? ????????????m_fPounds?=?lbs;?? ????????}?? ????????CStonewt(?int?stn,?double?lbs?)?? ????????{?? ????????????m_nStone?=?stn;?? ????????????m_fPds_left?=?lbs;?? ????????????m_fPounds?=?stn?*?Lbs_per_stn?+?lbs;?? ????????}?? ????????CStonewt()?? ????????{?? ????????????m_nStone?=?m_fPounds?=?m_fPds_left?=?0;?? ????????}?? ????????~CStonewt()?? ????????{?? ?? ????????}?? ????????void?show_lbs()?const?? ????????{?? ????????????cout??m_nStone???stone??m_fPds_left???pound\n??endl;;?? ????????}?? ????????void?show_stn()?const?? ????????{?? ????????????cout??m_fPounds???pound\n??endl;???? ????????}?? ????private:?? ????????enum?{?Lbs_per_stn?=?14?};?? ????????int?m_nStone;?? ????????double?m_fPds_left;?? ????????double?m_fPounds;?? ????};?? }?? ?? int?_tmain(int?argc,?_TCHAR*?argv[])?? {?? ????CStonewt?myCat;?? ????myCat?=?19;?? ?? ????return?0;?? }?? ? 2)将构造函数用作自动类型转换函数似乎是一项不错的特性。不过，当程序员拥有更丰富的C++经验时，将发现这种自动也行并非总是合乎需要的，因为这会导致意外的类型转换。因此，最新 的C++实现新增了一个关键字(explicit)，用来关闭这种自动特性。也就是说，可以这样声明构造函数： [cpp]?view plaincopyprint? explicit?CStonewt(?double?lbs?)?? {?? ????m_nStone?=?int(?lbs?)?/?Lbs_per_stn;?? ????m_fPds_left?=?int(?lbs?)?%?Lbs_per_stn?+?lbs?