外国政府与政治n西安财经学院政治学与行政学考试题.doc

Noun explanation Der bundesrat（联邦参议院） 联邦参议院是16个联邦州的代表机构，参与联邦的立法及行政。一半以上的法律，涉及各州根本利益的，需要联邦参议院的同意。联邦参议院议长由各州州长轮流担任，每年轮换一次。联邦参议院议长在国内外礼仪上享有第三高地位，仅次于联邦总统和联邦议院议长。在联邦总统因病或出国访问期间，联邦参议院议长代行联邦总统职务。 The senate is 16 states of representative organizations, participate in federal legislative and administrative. More than half of the law, involving the interests of the state, need senate approval. The chairman of the senate by the states to rotate as governor, a rotation every year. The federal senate speaker at home and abroad enjoy high status on the third etiquette, second only to the President and house speaker federal. In the federal President due to illness or go abroad during the visit, the chairman of the senate designated federal President position. 2 New liberalism（新自由主义The new liberalism (Neoliberalism) is the modern bourgeois political thought that the main factions in the new historical period maintenance bourgeois individual freedom, mediation of social contradictions, and safeguarding the capitalist system so it becomes a kind of economic liberalism of recovery form, since 1970 s in the international economic policy plays a more and more important role The characteristics of the new liberalism and main content is: the market is completely free competition, advocating individualism, advocating laissez-faire market economy, worship invisible hand against the power of state intervention, economic, claims privatisation. 3 Duma（杜马（俄帝时代的国会）Russias parliamentary was established in 1993. In October 1993, President Boris yeltsin announced the abolition Soviet system, establish the new federal parliament, the senate says the federal commission, the lower house, the state duma. By 450 members of parliament, to senator qualifications for at least 21 years old or more citizens, term of five years. The main responsibility of the state duma is responsible for drafting and formulate a national law, review the President to the government of prime minister appointment and decided