南理工 药剂学课件chapter-7.pptVIP

7th chapter solutions Teaching goal: (1) Acknowledgment of solubility, some solvents for liquid preparations, preparation of solutions. (2) Grasp of oral solutions and preparations for oral solution. Teaching goal: (3) Grasp of components of syrups, Preparation of syrups. (4) Acknowledgement of elixirs, tinctures, and proper administration and use of liquid per-oral dosage forms; Grasp of topical solutions and tinctures. 1.Introductions A. Defination: B. Classification 3. Some Solvents for Liquid Preparations A. Terms of percent strength B. How to promote solution? Applying heat Reducing the particle size of the solute Solubilizing agent Vigorous agitation. 5. Oral Solutions and Preparations for Oral Solution A.Ingredients in the oral solution Flavorants Colorants Stabilizers Preservatives B.Dry Mixtures for Solution ⅰ. Why do we make solution into dry mixtures? A number of medicinal agents, particularly certain antibiotics, have insufficient stability in aqueous solution to meet extended shelf life periods. Thus, commercial manufacturers of these products provide them to the pharmacist in dry powder or granule form for reconstitution with a prescribed amount of purified water immediately before dispensing to the patient. ⅱ. The ingredients and examples of dry mixture The dry powder mixture contains all of the formulative components, including drug, flavorant, colorant, buffers, and others, except for the solvent. Once reconstituted by the pharmacist, the solution remains stable when stored in the refrigerator for the labeled period, usually 7 to 14 days, depending on the preparation. Examples: Potassium Chloride for Oral Solution, USP (K-LOR, Abbott), a potassium supplement C. Oral Dehydration Solutions ⅰ. Reasons for Dehydration Rapid fluid loss associated with diarrhea can lead to dehydration and ultimately death in some patients, particularly infants.