基于压缩感知的信号采样解析.doc

毕业论文 系 别 专业名称 通信工程 学生姓名 指导教师 2014年月日基于 摘 要 信号采样是模拟的物理世界通向数字的信息世界之必备手段。多年来，指导信号采样的理论基础一直是的Nyquist采样定理（Compressed Sensing）Nyquist采样速率采样信号。本文详述了压缩感知的基本理论的三个主要的方面。一是信号的稀疏变换，信号的可压缩性或稀疏性是运用压缩感知原理的前提，在我们现实生活中，只有一部分的信号是稀疏的，所以我们需要对绝大多数的信号进行稀疏变换；二是观测矩阵的设计，在选择观测矩阵的时候，我们遵循一个条件，就是观测矩阵和稀疏矩阵的要不相关，且观测矩阵的性能越好，对信号的重构就越有利；三是重构算法的设计，这是压缩感知中一个重要环节，其对重构信号的质量有至关重要的作用。 本文着重分析观测矩阵的设计这一环节，并进行了仿真实验，通过实验研究了不同的采样率和不同的观测矩阵对重构性能产生的影响，知道了实际中我们需要根据信号特征选择相应的采样率和测量矩阵。 关键词：  Study of the signal samping based on Compressed Sensing Author： Tutor： Abstract The signal sampling is a way which leads the analog physical world to the digital information world. The theoretic principle instructing the signal sampling is always the famous Nyquist Principle for the past few years. It says that the sampling rate not be less than the signal width. But the large number of data it produced cause the waste of storage space. With the development of information science, the sampling rate of the system is becoming higher and higher. The gradual increase of the sampling rate, not only for the ADC device, but also for the following digital signal processing device and other peripheral equipments, is a big challenge. In recent years, the theory of compressed sensing attracts many peoples attention and it can effectively solve the above problems. Compressed sensing (CS) uses a new sampling theory, and it can sample signal by using sampling rate far below the Nyquist rate. This thesis describes the three main aspects of the basic theory of compressed sensing. One is the sparsity transform of the signal as compressibility or sparseness signal is the principle premise of compressed sensing. In our real life, only a part of signals are sparse, so we need to transform the vast majority of the signal into sparse signal. The second point is the design of the observation matrix. When we choose