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* The Huang He (Yellow River) is the muddiest river on Earth and is China’s second longest river, running 5 475 km (3 395 miles) from eastern Tibet to the Bohai Sea. The Huang He’s yellow color is caused by its tremendous load of sediment, composed primarily of mica,quartz, and feldspar particles. The sediment enters the water as the river carves its way through the highly erodable loess plateau in north-central China. (Loessial soil is called huang tu, or “yellow earth,” in Chinese.) Centuries of sediment deposition and dike building along the river’s course has caused it to flow above the s