英汉语言对第十一讲.docVIP

第十一讲 英汉定语对比 第一节 英汉定语位置对比 前置定语还是后置定语？ 成分？ 中心词 什么类型词作定语？位置？ 中国 历史 名词 历史 潮流 好 办法 形容词 老实 人 吃的 东西 动词 讨论的 问题 对文学作品的 兴趣 介词短语 关于农村生活的 小说 我喜欢的 书 主谓结构 中国制造的 产品 总结：1. 定语位置 2. 什么成分作定语 再看英语的定语 成分？ 中心词 分析？ stone Bridge book Knowledge Beautiful Girl large Room sleeping Child wounded soldier 下一组 成分？ 中心词？ 分析？ Books Important to students People Able to speak English The book On the desk students On the playground The child Sleeping on the bed The soldier Wounded in the battle books That I like products Which are made in China 总结：1. 定语位置 2. 什么成分作定语? 3. 哪种语言定语位置更灵活？ 更灵活的例子------ 与语义相关 The shameful action The child ashamed Interesting things Something interesting The concerned mother The leader concerned 如何理解上面的词组？ 英语形容词作定语的后置情况： 1. a- 开头的形容词通常不作前置定语,作表语和后置定语。 The baby who is asleep was born last month. The baby asleep was born last month. Some children awake want to get up. The biggest ships afloat now are oil tankers. The house ablaze can be seen for away. 2.当被修饰的词语是-thing, -one, -body等结尾的合成代词，形容词须后置。 He has written a book on somebody famous but I can’t remember who. Something interesting happens here every day. Have you noticed anything unusual? 3. 有些形容词既可以作前置定语，也可以作后置定语，但其意义不同。 形容词 前置定语 后置定语 Present 出席的 目前的 Absent 缺席的，心不在焉的 缺席 Proper 恰当的 本身的 Involved 复杂难懂的 所涉及到的 concerned 关切的、忧虑的 有关的 Among those present are some officials of the city. The present situation is favorable to us. He always does his work in an absent sort of way. Students absent are required to give their reasons. The city proper is half the size of the metropolitan area. That was not the proper way to approach her. Please inform all the leading members of the department concerned. He looked at me with a concerned air. He could not fully understand involved scholarly lectures. The person involved in this matter is my former classmate. 4. 当被修饰的名词前有all, only, any 或形容词最高级时，-ible 或 –able结尾的形容词通常作后置定语。 This is the fastest way possible. Wind is the only energy