毕业设计（论文）-人本主义模式在老年小组工作设计中的应用.docVIP

论文摘要 人口老龄化日趋成为我国一个严峻的社会问题，随着老年人口增多，我国面临的养老压力也越来越大。传统的居家养老模式已不能适应日益严峻的养老需求，机构养老作为一种介于“社区”与“家庭”之间的养老形式能够有效缓解老年人口的养老问题。由于目前养老机构中资源相对缺乏，所以小组工作是比较受青睐的活动方式。 小组工作作为社会工作的一种专业的方法，在社会工作实务领域中有着十分重要的作用。在资源相对有限的养老机构中，小组工作的群体性、多样性、灵活性的特点，能够较好的满足老年人心理、社会等多方面的需求。但在大部分的养老机构中，老人小组工作还没有一个比较成熟的开展模式，多数的小组工作目的只是丰富老年人的日常生活，缺少相关的理论指导，使得小组工作的作用往往受到限制，很难发挥出专业性、治疗性的特点。 本文的研究目标是探寻人本主义模式下老年小组工作的设计方法。人本主义模式下老年小组工作设计是从人本主义视角和观点出发，利用SWOT分析理论从生理、心理和社会三个维度对老年人以及其小组进行分析和评估，并且利用马斯洛需求层次分析理论对老年人的需求状况进行定位，再依据以上的评估结果和需求定位制订具体的小组工作方案，使得该小组工作的设计具有人本性、针对性、治疗性等特点，能够最大程度的发挥小组工作的作用。 本文首先从理论上对人本主义小组工作的设计方法进行分析和解释，其次通过实际案例说明该方法实际的操作过程，并通过对该活动的最终效果进行评估，从而论证该设计方法的有效性，最后对该设计方法的优点和不足进行概括和总结，并针对如何体现方法优势并如何克服方法的不足进行探讨。 关键字：人本主义；老年小组工作；需求分析；活动设计 Abstract It is that the aging of the population tends to be a serious social problem. With the increasing number of aged people, Chinese government is confronted with heavier pressure of providing for the aged. The requirements of providing for the aged become severe day by day, while the traditional home-based care model could not ever meet them. Agency support exists between “community-based” and “home-based” providing pattern, efficiently releasing the problem of providing for the aged. As the current pension institutions lack resources, Group work is a kind of popular activity. Group work is a kind of professional method and is playing an important role in the area of social actual practices. In the pension institutions with relevantly limited resources, groupment, variety and flexibility of Group work features could better satisfy the olders’ needs on many aspects, such as mentality and sociality. However, in the majority of institutions, Group work still does not have a rip launching mode. The goal of the most of them is only to enrich daily life of the aged, lacking relatively theoretical guidance. Therefore, teams are restricted with function, and its difficult to develop their professional, therapeutic and other characteristics.