chapter5DecisionMakingandBranching课程.pptVIP

Chapter 5 Decision Making and Branching 5.1 Introduction C language possesses such decision-making capabilities by supporting the following statements: if statement switch statement Conditional operator statement goto statement 5.2 Decision making with if statement Two-way branching 5.2 Decision making with if statement Some examples 1. if (bank balance is zero) borrow money 2. if (room is dark) put on lights 3. if (code is 1) person is male 4. if (age is more than 55) person is retired 5.3 Simple if statement The general form of a simple if statement is if (test expression) { statement-block; } statement-x; 5.3 Simple if statement Flowchart of simple if control Example 5.1 A program reads four values a, b, c, d from the terminal and evaluates the ratio of (a+b) to (c-d) and prints the result, if c-d is no equal to zero. Example 5.1-Program main() { int a, b, c, d; float ratio; printf(“Enter four integer values\n”); scanf(“%d %d %d %d”, a, b, c, d); if(c-d !=0) { ratio=(float)(a+b)/(float)(c-d); printf(“Ratio =%f\n”, ratio); } } Example 5.1-Output Enter four integer values 12 23 34 45 Ratio=-3.181818 Example 5.2 A program counts the number of boys whose weight is less than 50 kg and height is greater than 170 cm. Example 5.2-Program main() { int count, i; float weight, height; count=0; printf(“Enter weight and height for 10 boys\n”); for(i=1;i=10;i++) { scanf(“%f %f”, weight, height); if(weight50 height170) count=count+1; } printf(“Number of boys with weight50 kg\n”); printf(“and height170cm=%d\n”, count); } Example 5.2-Output Enter weight and height for 10 boys 45 176.5 55 174.2 47 168.0 49 170.7 54 169.0 53 170.5 49 167.0 48 175.0 47 167 51 170 Number of boys with weight50 kg and height170cm=3 Apply De Morgan’s Rule “Remove the parentheses(括号) by applying the NOT operator to every logical expression component, while complementing the relational operators” Example: !(xy||!z) becomes !x||!yz !(x=0||!condition) becomes x0co