线性代数行列式计算总结.pptVIP

1 二. 行列式的计算 化成三角行列式（基本方法）利用行列式初等变换，把行列式化为上三角形行列式。对于由有限个具体数字构成的行列式尤其适用。 例13. 计算 返回 方法多，技巧多。基本思路：化零，降阶，灵活运用性质、公式和特殊行列式。常用方法： 1. 化成三角形行列式；2. 用倍加变换化零按一行（列）展开，降阶法；3. 各行（列）相加法，“加边”法；4. 递推公式法，数学归纳法；5. 利用特殊行列式（范德蒙行列式）法。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例9. 设 ，求 detA. 解. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例10. 计算 解. 2. 用倍加变换化零按一行（列）展开，降阶 法（基本方法） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例11. 计算爪型（箭型）行列式 解. 将2至n列的 倍全加到第1列，得到 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例12. 计算 解. 法一 3. 各行（列）相加法，“加边”法。 适用于各行（或列）的和相等；或各行（列）元有相同规 律，而主对角线元与众不同的情况。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 法二(加边法)： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 解. 法一：加边法 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 能否用各行（列）相加法？ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 法二： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例14 解：哪种方法呢？ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4. 递推公式法，数学归纳法 例15.计算 解 按第1行展开， Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例16. 证明范德蒙行列式(n≥2) 证. n = 2: 设对于n-1阶结论成立，对于n阶： 5. 利用特殊行列式(范德蒙行列式)法 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Sl