《刘璐瑶论文定稿》.docVIP

哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文 - PAGE II - - PAGE III - 农村户用沼气生态处理模式设计及防治畜禽养殖污染的研究 摘 要 随着畜禽养殖业的快速发展，畜禽养殖污染问题日益严重，已成为我国农业非点源污染的主要来源之一，在未来一段时间内还会继续恶化。加强畜禽养殖污染防治工作，是全面落实科学发展观、建设社会主义新农村、实现和谐社会目标的必然要求。农村户用沼气生态处理模式的大力推广对解决我国农村地区的能源和环境问题具有重大意义，沼气技术与畜禽养殖业相结合的发展趋势，具有良好的前景，衡量沼气项目的实施效果显得尤为关键。因此，对农村户用沼气生态处理模式防治畜禽养殖污染进行系统研究，不仅有利于降低畜禽养殖的污染，也有利于推动农村户用沼气池的建设。本课题选择黑龙江省拜泉县为试验基地，选择一农户为试验对象，为其设计小型沼气工程。该农户房屋住宅面积为100m2，通过热能计算设计沼气池的容积为108m3，发酵温度为25~30℃，产气率为0.4m3/(m3·d)，燃池为其增温方式。通过对此模式所取得的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益进行深入分析得出，模式每年收益8000元，可减少二氧化硫、烟尘等的排放量，这说明了该模式是能够更好的推动农业的健康发展，是值得推广的。 关键词 农村；户用沼气；畜禽养殖；效益 Study on Rural Household Boigas Ecological Treatment Model for Livestock Production Pollution Controlling Abstract With the fast development of livestock industry，the pollution caused by animal breeding was inereasingly serious.The huge amount of livestock waste was the main source of agrieultural non-point source pollution and even more worse in the future. It was a must to strengthen the livestock pollution controlling and prevention，forfully implementing the Seientific Outlook on Development, building a new soeialist countryside and realizing a harmonious soeialist soeiety.It was very important for resolving our country energy and environmental problem in rural areas that promoting the rural household biogas ecological treatment model. Biogas technique could combine with livestock industry.The prospective of the integration was positive.How to measure the actual effeetiveness of these biogas projects appeared to be particularly critical.Therefore，did a systematic research focus on using rural household biogas ecological treatment model to prevent pollution which cause by animal breeding.This research was not only favorable for reducing the pollution which caused by animal breeding，but also good for promoting the construetion of household biogas digesters in rural areas. This topic chosen Baiquan country as the experimental base,which is in Heilongjiang province. And then,chosen a peasant household