英汉增词法学习课件.pptVIP

增词法 Amplification I. What is amplification Amplification, also called addition, means supplying necessary words in our translation work on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original so as to make the version correct and clear, to make it appear more like the language translated into. Example: 把presidential historian翻译成“总统的历史学家”，意思就不够清楚. 如果翻译成“研究总统的历史学家”就更容易让人明白了。 For mistakes had been made, bad ones, he was severely criticized. “因为已经犯了错误，很严重，他受到了严厉的批评” “因为已经犯了错误，而且是很严重的错误，他受到了严厉的批评” Rocket research has proved the strange fact….. 通过对火箭进行研究…… How she wished she could send that man to the Furies—for the punishment she thought he deserved. Furies [希神]复仇女神(“土地”和“黑暗”的三个女儿, 以清算罪恶为职责, Fury 为其中之一) 她真想把那个臭男人交给那母夜叉去整治整治,也好让她出口恶气。 II. 根据意义或修辞的需要 1. 增加动词 2. 增加形容词 3. 增加副词 4. 增加名词 5. 增加表示复数的词 6. 增加表示时间的词 7. 增加语气词 8. 增加量词 9. 增加概括词 10. 增加承上启下的词 1. 增加动词 由于意义上的需要及英汉语言上的差异，英语中重复用词的情况较少，而汉语有时为了达到一定的修辞效果，经常使用重叠或排比句，翻译成汉语时需要在名词前增加动词。 1) In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. 晚上在（参加）宴会、（出席）音乐会、（观看）乒乒球赛之后，他还得起草最后公报。 2) Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter. 物质可以转化成能量，能量也可以转化为物质。 3) His parents cannot afford the loss of their son; our young son, his father; and I my husband. 他的父母不能承受丧子之痛，我们的儿子不能承受丧父之痛，我不能承受丧夫之痛。 4) My work, my family and my friends were more than enough to fill my time. 我干工作、做家务、和朋友往来，这些占用了我的全部时间。 5) Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机敏，写作使人严谨。 2.增加形容词 1)?With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism. 中国人民正在以多么高的热情建设社会主义啊！（热情似火地/如火如荼地） 2)?It will make a man of him in the college. 在那所大学里，一定能把他造就成堂堂男子汉。 3) What a girl she is! See, she is speaking loudly while eating. 这女孩子真不礼貌！一边吃，一边大声说话。 3. 增加副词 根据原文的上下文，有些动词在一定的场合可增加适当的副词，以确切表达原意。 1) After the thunderstorm, the clouds melted away. 雷雨过后，乌云渐渐散去。 2) Now and then, his boots shone. 他的靴子时时闪闪发光。 3) A seagull saw the light from my w