《带电压反馈的励磁系统ESO滑模变结构控制_硕士毕业论文》.docVIP

摘 要 本文针对发电机励磁系统的非线性及易受内、外扰动等特点，应用坐标变换，ESO及滑模变结构控制理论，设计了一种新颖的提高系统动、静态特性的ESO滑模励磁控制器，并在此基础上又新引入电压反馈，使其更好的稳定发电机端电压。其主要内容如下： 首先对励磁系统的状态方程进行坐标变换。把单机无穷大励磁系统三阶模型写成标准仿射非线性形式，根据非线性系统的状态反馈线性化理论进行坐标变换，这样系统的非线性因素都集中到含有控制输入的方程中。如果直接反馈线性化会让控制器的设计变得复杂，所以本文采用扩张状态观测器观测该部分。 本文构造了一个二阶的ESO来估计系统的非线性部分。这样经过扩张状态观测器反馈之后系统变成线性系统，可以按照线性系统来设计，由于滑模变结构控制具有响应速度快、不需要在线辨识、对参数变化及各种扰动不敏感等优点，本文采取了滑模设计。滑模变结构控制器的设计主要包括两个部分：切换函数的设计和滑模控制律的设计。为了减少滑模变结构控制的抖振现象，本文选取指数趋近率控制方式，通过对指数趋近率参数和的调整可以减弱控制信号的抖振并保证滑动态模品质。再用准滑动模态控制原理，即用饱和函数替代符号函数，就可以进一步地减弱滑模控制的抖振现象。 然而此时所得的控制器并没有考虑对励磁系统机端电压偏差的调节，会失去维持发电机端电压稳定的能力。所以在所设计的最后控制规律的基础上附加一个比例环节，再选定合适的比例系数来平衡发电机端电压。这样增加一个反馈量就能很好维持机端电压的稳定。 通过对仿真表明，该控制器在动态、静态特性上明显的提高了系统的稳定性、快速性和准确性，且鲁棒性好Abstract In this paper, a new ESO sliding mode controller that can improve the system stability was designed ,as to apply to the strong nonlinear of generator excitation system and the characteristics vulnerable to external disturbance, which cater to feedback linearization, ESO and sliding model variable structure control theory. on this basis we introduce new voltage feedback, make it more stable voltage of the machine. Firstly, make the coordinate transformation for excitation system state equations. Purpose is to the single machine infinite excitation system three order model written in standard form of affine nonlinear, according to the nonlinear systems state feedback linearization theory for coordinate transformation, this system of nonlinear factors are concentrated to the containing control input equations. If make the direct feedback linearization controller will let design become complex, so this paper uses the extended state observer observing the part. This paper constructs a two order ESO to estimate the system nonlinear part. After this extended state observer feedback system into a linear system, according to the linear system to design, because the sliding mode variable structure control has quick response speed, without the need for on-line identification of parameter variati