医学心理学sensationandperception学习课件.pptVIP

Perception Sensation Arwen Flynn Jon Chapman Sensation Sensation: Process by which our Brain receives stimuli from the outside environment. Perception Perception: The process whereby the mind interprets outside stimuli, and constructs a mental paradigm. Sensation Sensation can be experienced in many different manners. Sight, Sound, Smell, Taste, and Touch. These are referred as Visual, Auditory, Olfactory, Gustatory, and Tactile. Auditory Sound waves travel through the air, and make contact with the ear drum. Vibrating the ear drum, the vibrations are interpreted into sensations that the mind can understand. Olfactory The exact nature of the olfaction system is a mystery, however the basics include odor molecules coming into contact with receptors located in the upper nasal cavity, the stimuli is then sent to the brain where it is processed. Gustatory Four Basic sensations are encompassed within taste. These are Sweet, Sour, Salty, and Bitter. Each taste bud contains a pore which catches food chemicals. It takes 1/10 of a second to register the taste. Tactile The epidermis which registers touch, is the largest organ of the body. The four main types of Tactile sensation are: Pressure Warmth Cold Pain Visual There are four distinct stages in the overall biological process of sight. Signal generation Signal manipulation (in the retina) Signal projection Signal Manipulation, and perception (in the cortex) Visual process Light enters the eye, and passes through the cornea. It then comes in contact with the retina, which does the actual light sensing in the eye. There are two types of cells within the eye Rods-primarily concerned with general light gathering, and vision in low light conditions. Cones-handle color vision and details. When light strikes these specialized cells there is a series of chemical reactions that take place, and ultimately, the light is converted into electrical impulses. Generally, the outer segment of rods are long and thin, whereas the outer