电子陶瓷505学习课件.pptVIP

Electroceramics for Fuel Cells and Batteries Solid Fast-ion Conductors: an Essential Element Fast-ion Ceramic Conductors (I): CSZ (An oxygen Ion Conductor) Cubic Stabilized Zirconia (CSZ) Cubic form can be stabilized down to room temperature by substituting lower-valence cations for some of zirconium Substitution of lower-valence cations leads to O2- ion vacancies Vacancies which stabilize the structure also lead to high mobility in the oxygen sub-lattice and to behavior as a fast-ion conductor Including: Ce3+, Ca2+, Y3+, Sc3+ and so on Fast-ion Ceramic Conductors (I): ?’’-alumina (An Sodium Ion Conductor) Further Analysis of ?’’-alumina It is instructive to write the compositions of the ? and ?’’ -aluminas with the oxygen lattice content the same in both cases, that is Na3Al33O51 and Na6Al32VAlO51, respectively This suggests that compared to ?-alumina the ?’’ modification contains an aluminium vacancy compensated by three extra sodium ions in the conduction plane In Summary Elementary Fuel Cell Science Challenges in fabricating fuel cell Anode, Cathode, and electrolyte Fast-ion Ceramic Conductors Cubic stabilized ZrO2 ?’’ - aluminas Ceramic-based Chemical Sensors The devices that respond to changes in the chemical environment Sensors based on solid Electrolytes: Potentialmetric Mode Sensing oxygen with CSZ: There is no essentially different principle involved from that on the fuel cell Difference: Fuel cell required output is power Sensor required it is either a small voltage or small current that monitors some chemical characteristic of the ambient Oxygen Sensor Schematic diagram of a solid electrolyte probe for the measurement of oxygen partial pressures (or chemical activities) Automobile Exhaust Sensor (‘Lambda’ Sensor) Continued They are used to monitor automobile exhaust gas emissions so that fuel-to-air ratio can be kept at optimum Pollutant gases: CO, hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) Catalytic converters are to oxidize CO and hydrocar