linux发展趋势分数析(英文).docxVIP

The Tendency of UNIX/Linux Development and ApplicationAbstractAs the development of UNIX/Linux operating system, more and more users are getting used to UNIX and Linux. Linux is also changing to be more and more convenient and friendly to users. Through Windows performance strongly in PC field, Linux also take its share in servers and high-end industries. Linux’s has the support of many skillful computer lovers due to its open attribute comparing to Windows and more and more manufacturers take part in development of Linux applications. Linux’s compatibility is also getting better and better. Linux manufacturers is transforming from providing single product to providing whole solutions and services for users.Keyword: UNIX; Linux; tendency; application; development; TCO1. History1.1 UNIXThe history of UNIX can be traced back to the project called Multics around 1965. The project was launched by Bell Laboratory, MIT and General Electric. And it aimed to make mainframes available to multiple terminals. In 1969, Bell Labs leaved the project because project was behind schedule. Staff of Bell Labs, Ken Thompson applied for a PDP-7 and put his ideas from Multics into a new operating system, it’s the predecessor of UNIX. Modified lots of times, UNIX written by C finally come out.1.2 GNUGNU project pushed UNIX to a new height. GNU was launched by Richard Stallman and he founded Free Software Foundation. GNU aimed to share software source code, and make it convenient for others to make modification.1.3 LinuxLinux was created by Linus Torvalds. He wanted the computer can run multiple task at the same time. He referred to the UNIX-like system Minix, and write the kernel program which can switch process smoothly. Successfully he compiled the kernel with the GNU C Compiler and posted it online. Because of its open attribute, Linux became popular overnight.2. Features of Linux2.1 Stable and safeLinux was based in UNIX, and it inherent the stability of UNIX. Linux can run continuous