《棉秆收获机的设计》.doc

摘 要 棉花是我国的重要经济作物，目前，全国棉花种植面积600万hm2,每年棉秆产量约为3000万t。按1t棉秆相当于0.4 m ，林木用于制造纸浆量计算，若能全部利用，每年可节省林木资源12万m3，如此大的可再生资源如果实现循环综合利用，将产生巨大的经济效益。发展棉花秸秆机械化收获技术，对实现农业剩余物综合利用，发展绿色农业意义重大。 对棉秆收获机械化的要求虽然十分迫切，但由于棉秆主干粗细不一，枝杈多，长势特殊等原因，收获技术和收获机械仍不完善。近年来，随着社会和科技的发展，棉秆已被广泛应用于能源、造纸及生物基材料等领域，尤其是棉秆木质成分含量高，可作为优质的可再生资源原料，棉秆收获技术与装备的研究备受关注。因此，对棉秆收获过程的机理和特性进行探讨，提高棉秆收获效率成为了一个重要的课题。近几年已有多种机型问世。 关键词：棉秆收获机；棉秆加持提拔；棉根铲切；张紧装置；地轮传动 Abstract Cotton is an important economic crop, at present in our country, the national cotton planting area of 6000000 Hm2, the annual production is aboutt of cotton stalk. According to 1t cotton stalk is equivalent to 0.4 of M, the manufacture of pulp forest used for calculation, if all use of forest resources, can save 120000 m3 every year, so if the implementation of renewable resources recycling utilization, it will produce the enormous economic benefits. The development of cotton stalk harvesting mechanization technology, to realize the comprehensive utilization of agricultural residues, the development of green agricultural significance. The cotton harvest mechanization requirements although very urgent, but because the cotton stalk thickness is not a trunk, branches, growing special reasons, harvest and harvest machinery is still not perfect. In recent years, with the development of society and technology, cotton stalk has been widely used in the field of energy, papermaking and bio based materials, especially wood composition content of cotton stalk is high, can be used as a renewable resource of raw material of high quality, study on cotton stalk harvesting technology and equipment of concern. Therefore, carries on the discussion to the mechanism and characteristics of cotton stalk harvesting process, improve cotton stalk harvesting efficiency has become an important topic. In recent years, have a variety of models available. Keywords: cotton stalk harvester; cotton stalk blessing promoted; cotton root cutting shovel; tensioning device; the