《毕业设计(论文)-不锈钢与铜焊接工艺及金相分析》.doc

摘 要为异种材料铜和钢的焊接提供理论基础和试验基础。不锈钢及铜中含有合金元素(，，)和杂质(，，)，在焊接过程中易形成各种低熔点共晶体和脆性化合物，严重削弱了金属在高温时的晶间结合力。由于铜导热系数比不锈钢大得多，需采用大功率热源，因此热影响区宽，使接头承受较大应力，焊缝易产生热裂纹。近缝区不锈钢一侧易产生渗透裂纹，其原因是由液态铜对钢有渗透作用和拉应力造成的。通过焊接检验可知，焊缝具有良好的性能；经金相检验，焊缝内部组织均匀；紫铜和紫铜熔合区过渡均匀，结合良好；紫铜与碳钢熔合线平直，无孔洞，且Cu和Fe相互之间有一定程度扩散，熔合区为冶金结合。 紫铜；钢；； 金相分析Abstract This paper studies in copper and stainless steel welding technology, Namely dissimilar material of welding technology research for the dissimilar materials copper and stainless steel welding to provide the theoretical foundation and experimental basis. The mainly welding processec is tungsten inert gas arc welding (TIG)welding. Stainless steel and copper alloy containing elements (Ni, Si, V) and impurities (O, S, P), in the welding process in the formation of low-melting-eutectic and brittle compounds, severely weakening the metal in the temperature of crystallization binding force. thermal conductivity of copper due to greater than stainless steel, to use high-power heat, the heat-affected zone width, the larger joints under stress, thermal weld cracks easily. seam zone near the side of easy to produce stainless steel Crack infiltration, which is caused by the liquid steel with copper on infiltration and the tensile stress. Through welding inspection, we can see that Weld has a good performance, the metallographic examination, the internal organization of uniform weld; copper and copper fusion zone transition uniform with good copper and steel fusion line is straight, no holes, and the Cu and Fe to a certain extent between the spread of fusion zone for the metallurgical combine. Key words copper, stainless steel; welding technology; metallographic analysis目录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪 论 1 1.1课题研究的目的及意义 1 1.2不锈钢、铜的焊接性分析 1 1.3 铜和不锈钢在国内外的发展现状 5 1.3.1 铜及其合金材料在国内外的发展现状及应用领域 5 1.3.2 不锈钢材料在国内外的发展现状及应用领域 5 1.4 异种金属材料焊接存在的技术问题及缺陷 6 1.5 本章的主要研究内容 7 第2章 实验方法设备与材料 8 2.1 引言 8 2.2 试材料选择 8 2.3 焊接方法及设备的选择 9 2.3.1 焊接方法的选择及工艺 9 2.3.2 实验设备的选择 14 2.4 本章总结 15 第3章 实验结果及分析 16 3.1 焊接接头金相组织