Lecture6计算机网络.pptVIP

* Rules for exchanging data between computers TCP/IP is the standard protocol for the Internet. It consist of the 2 critical features Identifying each sending and receiving devices Every computer on the Internet has a unique numeric address – IP address Similar to how post office delivers mail – each home has a unique address Domain name system – system by which names are assigned to each IP address to make it easier for users to remember. Reformatting Messages are broken into packets to transmit over Internet through various interconnected networks Each packet may use a different route The message is then reassembled at the destination computer * A computer network can consist of as little as 2 computers. A node on a network is any device connected to the network. It can be a computer, a printer, a secondary storage device. A client is a node that receives resources and data from other nodes. A server is a node that shares resources and data to other nodes. Some examples are File Server – shares a secondary storage device to store files. Print server – shares a printer Database server – shares a database * NOS controls and coordinates the resources of the network. For more network terms, see the O’Leary Expansion CD, or visit the Web at /oleary * The network architecture describes how the network is arranged and how the resources are coordinated and shared The networks configuration is called its topology. There are four basic topologies used: Star, bus, ring, hierarchical * Nodes are connected to a single computer called a host Host computer - large centralized computer, usually a mainframe All communications pass through this host Can be used as a time sharing system where several users share resources on the central computer * Bus network - each device handles its own communications control No host computer Common connecting cable called a bus Data along the bus is examined by each node to see if it is intended for them. Not as efficient as star, but it