机械工程材料双语教学第四章CrystallineImperfectionsandSolidification.pptVIP

Crystalline Imperfections andSolidification 晶体缺陷和凝固 * 洛阳理工学院 1 2.3 金属的实际晶体结构1）单晶体：内部晶格位向完全一致的晶体称为~。 2）多晶体：由许多晶粒组成的晶体结构称为~。 3）晶粒：实际金属材料是由许多小晶体组成，这种外形不规则的小晶体称为~。 晶体的分类 晶粒 多晶体的各个晶粒的位向不同 洛阳理工学院 2 2.3 金属的实际晶体结构1）Point Defects 点缺陷2）Linear Defects 线缺陷 3）Planar Defects 面缺陷 金属的缺陷 1. Point Defects 点缺陷A certain positions, there are missing atoms ( a normally occupied position is vacant ) while in other places atoms are in “wrong” positions (atoms are located in normally unoccupied positions). The former are called vacancies and the latter are termed interstitials. Both are exmpl