高考备战之形容词副词2.docx

高考备战之 形容词副词一、形容词、副词的作用与位置1.形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种情况，须牢记：①几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella,the man’s first tow interesting little red French oil paintings熟记口诀就可以顺利解题：_②形容词短语作定语，定语后置；a language difficult to master,a leaning tower about 180 feet highThis is a student worth of praise.They will turn their motherland into a country, beautiful and modern.③表语形容词（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作定语，定语后置；a man alive：活着的人有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well, faint, ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”；④形容词作定语修饰由不定代词one, no, any, some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时，通常后置；I have something important to tell you.⑤enough、nearby修饰名词前置或后置，程度副词一般位于形容词、副词前面，enough修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置；⑥else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语；⑦几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间；⑧频度副词如often, always, usually等在be动词后，行为动词前；⑨副词作定语，定语后置；The person there is waiting for you.⑩复合形容词常用作定语。He was a 12-year-old boy.复合形容词的构成：▲形容词+形容词：red-hot炽热的dark-blue深蓝的▲形容词+现在分词：good-looking好看的easy-going随和的▲副词+现在分词：hard-working勤劳的fast-moving快速转动的▲副词+过去分词：hard-won得来不易的newly-made新建的▲名词+形容词：life-long终生的world-famous世界闻名的▲名词+现在分词：peace-loving爱好和平的fun-loving爱开玩笑的▲名词+过去分词：snow-covered白雪覆盖的hand-made手工的▲形容词+名词-ed：kind-hearted好心的 white-haired白发的▲数词+名词 + ed：four-storeyed 4层楼的three-legged 3条腿的▲数词+名词（名词用单数）：ten-year 10年的two-man两人的2.形容词作伴随状语和原因状语He spent 7days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他在风雪中度过了7天，又冷又饿。She stared into the distance, speechless for a long time.她盯着远处看，好长时间不讲话。Afraid of being caught, the thief hid himself under a bed.因为害怕被抓，这个小偷藏在床下面。二、连系动词与形容词玛丽悲伤地看了看父母亲而她的父母亲看上去也很悲伤。Mary looked sadly at her parents while her parents looked sad, too.三、形容词、副词比较等级的用法形容词、副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级，其构成形式如下：规则变化：单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词未尾加-er, -esttalltallertallest以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stnicenicernicest以一个辅音字母结尾