讲稿幻灯片-yl6 Chapter 6 petroleum application.pptVIP

Chapter 6 Applications of WJT in Assisted Mechanical Drilling Road map Back ground and introduction 1. Effective Use of Jet Energy 2. Ultra-High-Pressure Jet Assisted Mechanical Drilling 3. Negative pressure pulsed jet Back Ground In 1980’s, America launched a large research program funded by DOE to look for rock drilling or breaking methods better than conventional. Through extensive long term studies in many Labs, 25 types of rock breaking methods including laser, plasm, HPWJ, explosion, etc. have been experimented with in rock drilling. It is concluded that the HPWJ is the most promising one that could be possibly put into use in short future. Back Ground Bit hydraulics (钻头水力学)plays multiple roles in rotary drilling. The beneficial functions of the jets include: cleaning, lubricating and cooling bit cutters--primary function cleaning the bottom and carrying particles or cuttings into the annulus –after 1900 impacting and breaking the bottom rock--after1950 It is just the first two functions that made the rotary drilling possible. Back Ground Progress in Jet-Bit Drilling: Rock breaking effect of jet had not been universally recognized until the beginning of 1950’s. Bit hydraulic power was limited to 3-5 hp per inch of bottomhole diameter. It is from 1950’s to 70’s that the bit horse power was gradually increased to obtain higher drilling speed. Jet-bit drilling in China petroleum industry experienced three stages characterized by pump pressure levels. With the changes in hydraulic parameters, the drilling speed increased amazingly. Jet Bit Drilling Characteristics 1. Effective Use of Jet Energy at Bottom-Hole In jet bit drilling application, the main measure to enhance bit hydraulic power was by the increase of the surface pump ratings. However the increase of pump pressure would increase not only pump initial expense but operating costs and hazards as well. Then there is a need to make effective use of energy at Bottomhole 1. Effective Use of Jet Ene