土木工程专业英语课后答案..docVIP

土木工程专业英语课后答案 Unite 2 2、Translate the following phrases into Chinese /English . （1）cross section 截面 （2）bending moment 弯矩 （3）live load 活载 （4）force due to gravity 重力 （5）building code 建筑规范 （6）functional design 功能设计 （7）nonstructural components 非结构构件 （8）Nonprofit organization非赢利组织 （9）the Uniform Building Code统一建筑规范 （10）the Standard Building Code标准建筑规范 3、Translate the following sentence into Chinese. （1）The structural design of buildings ,whether of structural steel(结构钢) or reinforced concrete(钢筋混凝土),requires the determination of the overall proportions(整体比例) and dimensions of the supporting framework(支撑结构) and the selection of the cross sections of individual members. 建筑的结构设计，不论是用结构钢还是用钢筋混凝土材料，都要决定其整体比例和支撑结构的大小，以及选择单个构件的截面尺寸。 （2）The architect decides how the building should look; the engineer must make sure that it doesn’t fall down. 建筑师决定建筑物的外观，结构工程师必须保证它不会倒塌。 （3）A good design requires the evaluation of several framing plans(框架平面图)-that is, different arrangements of members and their connections. 一个好的设计，要求要评估不同的框架平面图，也就是说，对构件和它们之间的连接可进行不同的布置。 （4）Before any analysis, however, a decision must be made on the building material to be used ;it will usually be reinforced concrete ,structural steel ,or both. 然而，在做任何分析之前，必须决定建筑物的使用材料，通常可以是钢筋混凝土，结构钢，或者两者公用。 （5）All of the loads mentioned thus far(目前为止) are forces due to gravity and are referred to as gravity loads. 目前为止所提到的荷载，均是由于重力而产生的，或者被当作是重力荷载。 （6）If the load is applied and removed many times over the life of the structure ,fatigue stress(疲劳应力) becomes a problem ,and we must account for its effects. 若果荷载在结构寿命里被多次应用并撤除，则疲劳应力就会成为问题，我们必须考虑它的影响。 （7）Since lateral loads(侧向荷载) are most detrimental(对 有害) to tall structures ,wind loads are usually not as important for low buildings, but uplift(浮托力) on light roof systems(屋顶体系) can be critical. 由于侧向荷载对高层建筑物最有害，因此，对于低层建筑物风荷载通常都是不重要的，但是浮托力对屋顶体系却是至关重要的。 （8）A structural analysis of th