(专升本)动词不定式,分词,动名词素材.ppt

动词不定式 (not) to do/ to be done(被动形式) 1. 作主语 It is +形容词/名+ for sb. + to do sth. It takes sb. + 时间+ to do sth. e.g.: It is necessary to take an umbrella in Guangzhou. It is difficult for us to tell directions in the forest. It is good to take a walk in the morning. It takes me 2 hours to finish the writing. 2. 作宾语 主语 + 及物动词+ to do sth want, hope, learn, decide, promise, forget 1）她想放弃她的梦想。give up She wanted to give up her dream. 2）我决定不参加那个重要的会议。decide I decided not to attend the important meeting.3）She forgot to close the door. 主语+ think, find, feel + it + 形容词+ to do 注：to do 可与when, which, who, what, how, where连用，放在及物动词之后，作宾语。 I don’t know what to do next. John taught me how to drive a car. The poor child doesn’t know where to go. 3. 作宾补 主语+ advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许….persuade sb. to do sth. 劝说…tell sb. to do sth. 告诉…invite sb. to do ….. 邀请… 1) He advised me to think carefully. 2) My friend invited me to join in her party. 4. 作宾补（P48）感观动词 主语 + hear, see, watch, notice+ sb.+ (to) do sth.make, have + sb. + (to) do sth.（让某人做某事）使役动词1） I heard her sing a song.2）I saw him get on the bus.3） 我把这个小孩弄哭了。I made the baby cry.---- The bay was made to cry by me. 5. 做状语 （目的）, 为了，以便于…to do， in order to， so as to I often get up early in order to catch the first bus. He came to the airport to meet me. 表示结果状语：only to see, only to find, only to be told, too…to (却看见，却发现，却被告知…) He hurried to the airport only to be told that the flight was canceled.习惯用法 主语+would like to do sth. 想要做某事 Why not + do sth.为什么不…（提议） You had better + do 你最好… prefer to do sth. + （rather than do），比起…，更喜欢做某事 would rather + do 宁愿做… 分词（现在分词 过去分词） 现在分词： （not）doing过去分词： （not）done 1) 作表语 主 +am/is/are + doing（表性质，特征） 多修饰事物/ done（状态）多修饰人interesting/ interested; surprising/ surprisedsatisfying/ satisfied; exciting/ excitede.g.: Tom was _____ when he saw me.The news is _____. 2) 作定语，分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词表主动