大学毕设论文—丙烯醇的合成研究.doc

编号 论文 题目： 化学与材料工程 学院专业 摘 要关键词：甘油；甲酸；丙烯醇；生物柴油 ABSTRACT Nowadays with fossil fuels declining and the continued strengthening of the awareness of environmental protection, bio-diesel as a renewable alternative fuels has caused widespread interests. Large amounts of glycerol will be produced as a by-product in the biodiesel production process. To develop and use glycerol fully can reduce waste, promote the development of the biodiesel industry and get a range of valuable products, such as allyl alcohol. Allyl alcohol is an important agricultural chemical, pharmaceutical and spices monomer, which has a wide range of application value. Allyl alcohol production mainly depends on the petrochemical feedstock--propylene and its costs are high. Thus it’s of great commercial value and environmental significance to convert glycerol to ally alcohol. In this study, glycerol and formic acid as raw materials is used under the conditions of heating, protection of nitrogen to synthesize allyl alcohol. I used the iodometric method to determinate the content of of ally alcohol in the crude product, whitch helps to analyse the influence of changing molar ratio of glycerol, formic acid, water and the length of reaction time on the yield. The conversion of formic acid and raffinate saponification value is calculated to look for the reasons for the changes on the yield and optimize reaction conditions to obtain a higher yield. When the reaction is carried under the conditions of molar ratio of glycerol, formic acid, water being 1:1.3:1, the temperature for 1 hour raised to 165 ° C, rapid heating to 230 ° C, proceeding with temperature less than 250 ° C, a yield of 71.2% which is caculated by glycerol is abtained. The crude product was purified by calcium oxide and we can get a purity of 99% approximately. Keywords: glycerol; formic acid; ally alcohol; biodiesel 目 录第1章 绪论 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 生物柴油副产甘油的开发利用 1 1.2.1 甘油的来源 1 1.2.2 甘油合成1,3-丙二醇 2 1.2.3 甘油合成1,2-丙二醇 2 1.2.4 甘油合成环氧