虚拟语气(修改).ppt

The Subjunctive Mood 一、 概念: 语气是用来表示谈话人的态度和看法的动词形式. 英语有三种语气: ①陈述语气(同陈述句)②祈使语气(同祈使句), ③虚拟语气, 虚拟语气不表示一个事实,而是表示一种假设情况或愿望 . 策划：《学生双语报》 陈述语气 I went to the theatre yesterday.祈使语气 Let’s go.虚拟语气 If I were you,I would not leave her alone. 二、 用法: I. 用于if条件状语从句中: 主从 句 构 成 时态 虚拟条件 从句 主 句 例 句 与现在 事实相反的假设 与过去事实相反的假设 If + 主语 + 动词过去式 主语 + would/ should/could/ might + do If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If + 主语 + had done 主语 + would/ should/could/ might + have done If you had taken my advice, you would have passed the exam. 策划：《学生双语报》 主从 句 构 成 虚拟条件 从句 主 句 例 句 与将来情况相反的假设 ①If + 主语 + 动词过去式 ② If + 主语 + were to+ do ③ If + 主语 + should + do 主语 + would/ should/ could/ might + do ① If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. ② If it were to rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting. ③ If he should not come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting till next week. 时态 练习： 1. If I ______ (know) her address, I would write to her. 2. What would you have done if you __________(miss) the train? 3. If he ___________ (not be ill ), he would have done something. 4. If it ________________________(snow) tomorrow, we ____________(get up) early. 5. If you had asked him yesterday, you __________ (know) what to do now. knew had missed had not been ill were to /should snow/ snowed should get up would know IV. 含蓄条件句 : 句子中不一定有if条件从句,只是一介词短语without, but for,但主句谓语仍然用虚拟语气. 要不是你帮助,我是不会取得这些成绩的. Without your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. ?If it had not been for your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. 要不是有养老金,他都要饿死了. But for his pension, he would starve. ?If he had no pension, he would starve. 类似情况也出现在含有 连词but, or, otherwise 的句子中:He was very busy yesterday, otherwise, he would have come to the party.（前事实，后虚拟） If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again! 1.要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了! If only our parents could live with us! 2.要是我没错过火车就好了！ If o