跨文化交际 unt1~6 课后translation中英对照.docVIP

Unit 1 Page 22 The?growth?of?intercultural?communication?as?a?field?of?study?is?based?on?a?view?of?history?that?clearly?demonstrates?people?and?cultures?have?been?troubled?by?a?persistent?inability?to?understand?and?get?along?with?groups?and?societies?removed?by?space,?ideology,?appearance,?and?behavior?from?their?own.?What?is?intriguing?about?many?of?human?civilizations?failure?is?that?they?appear?to?be?personal?as?well?as?global.?The?story?of?humankind?is?punctuated?with?instances?of?face-to-face?conflicts?as?well?as?international?misunderstanding--major?and?minor?quarrels?that?range?from?simple?name-calling?to?isolationism?or?even?armed?conflict.? It?is?obvious?that?increased?contact?with?other?cultures?and?subcultures?makes?it?imperative?for?us?to?make?a?concerted?effort?to?get?along?with?and?to?try?to?understand?people?whose?beliefs?and?backgrounds?may?be?vastly?different?from?our?own.?The?ability,?through?increased?awareness?and?understanding,?to?peacefully?coexist?with?people?who?do?not?necessarily?share?our?lifestyles?or?values?could?benefit?us?not?only?in?our?own?neighborhoods?but?could?be?the?decisive?factor?in?maintaining?world?peace.? 纵观历史，我们可以清楚地看到，人们由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰和行为?举止上存在的差异，而长久无法互相理解、无法和睦相处。在这种情况下，跨文化交际作为?一个特定的研究领域得以形成和发展。值得注意的是，人类文明在发展过程中所遭受的许多?挫折，既是个人的，又是全球性的；人类历史进程总是充满了个人间的直接冲突和民族间的?误解——从骂骂咧咧到孤立主义直至到武装冲突，大大小小争端不绝。? 很显然，文化间以及亚文化间的交往比以前多了，这迫切要求我们共同努力，去理解有?着不同信仰和文化背景的人们，并与之和睦相处。通过加深认识和理解，我们能够与生活方?式、价值观念不同的人们和平共处；这不但有益于我们周遭环境的安定，也是维护世界和平?的决定性因素。 Unit 2 Page 60 Culture is sometimes referred to as our mental programming，our “software of the mind. ” But we can take that computer analogy further and say that culture is the operating environment that enables software programs to run. Culture is like DOS or Unix or Windows：it is what enables us to process information in various specific application. The metaphor of windows seems to be very appealing to describe culture: culture is a mental set of windows??through which all of life is viewed. It various