第三单元被动语态..docVIP

Unit 3 Grammar 教学目标： 掌握动词一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态的构成和用法。 教学重难点： 1.掌握动词一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态的构成和用法。 2 区别被动语态与主动语态的区别。 学习过程： 一：课前预习 1阅读教材第39页的内容了解主动句和被动句的的区别。 判断下列句子是主动语态（A）还是被动语态（P）. Damin sets off on his boat with his birds.( ) B. Damin uses cormorants to catch fish.( ) C. A piece of grass is tied around the neck of each bird .( ) D.The window was broken by Tom.( ) ? 3.阅读下列材料，并划出重要的信息： 语态的基本概念和种类语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。所以英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。如：They built the bridge.? ?The bridge was built by them.(二)被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。情态动词的被动语态是常考的一个知识点：情态动词+be+过去分词(三)被动语态的用法1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如： Some new computers were stolen last night.? ? 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.? ???这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：the window was broken by Mike.? ? 窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.? ???这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.? ?? ? 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要； 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. A lot of water (waste) every year. It’s a serious problem. 2. Now many kinds of work (can do) by robots. 3. English (speak) as a second language in some countries. 4. Fish may (catch) in the river. 5. A new bridge (build) over the river last year. 6. “I’m afraid it (need) mending”, Mrs. White turned off the TV. 7. Vegetables, eggs and fish (sell) in that shop. 8. The children often (tell) to be careful with fire. 9. The accident (happen) just now. 10. Now he (be) asked if the meeting _