托福阅读背景材料：当心你的电脑出卖你.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读背景材料：当心你的电脑出卖你 摘要： 托福阅读背景材料：当心你的电脑出卖你。背景知识在托福考试中发挥着重要的作用，很多考生都是通过背景知识了解托福考试的，希望小编整理的这一系列背景知识对大家能有所帮助。 When youre surfing the Internet on your laptop from your dorm or home, do you know your personal details are being gathered secretly? And would you be surprised to know the information may be sold cheaply to advertisers and marketers? 当你在宿舍或家中用笔记本上网时，你知道有人正在偷偷收集你的个人信息么?如果有人告诉你这些信息被廉价出售给广告商和销售商，你是否会感到吃惊呢? According to an investigation by The Wall Street Journal, all it takes is a tiny file in a computer-a single code consisting of a long series of numbers and letters-to record the computer user`s age, gender, location, favorite movies and hobbies. 《华尔街日报》一项调查显示，电脑中一个特别小的文件--一个由一系列数字和字母组成的简单代码，就可以记录电脑使用者的年龄、性别、地址、喜欢的电影和爱好。 The newspaper reports that Lotame Solutions Inc., a New York company, uses sophisticated software called a beacon to capture what people are typing on a website. 报道称，Lotame Solutions Inc(一家纽约公司)使用一种名为beacon的高科技软件来捕捉人们在网站上输入的文字。 Lotame packages that data into profiles about individuals, only without their names, and sells the profiles to companies seeking customers.Batches of such data may be sold for a few dollars. 接着，Lotame将很多这样的个人信息打包出售给那些正在寻找潜在消费者的公司，出售的个人信息不包括用户的姓名。几批这样的数据可能卖到几美元。 The Wall Street Journal probe discovered that spying on Internet users is one of the fastest-growing businesses on the World Wide Web. 《华尔街日报》的调查发现，目前，监视互联网用户已经成为万维网上成长最快的生意之一。 Today, tracking consumers is far more intrusive than the public realizes. For example, the top 50 websites in the US on average installed 64 pieces of tracking technology onto the computers of visitors, usually with no warning. 现如今，追踪技术的植入程度已经远超社会大众的想象。例如，全美最大的50家网站平均在访问者的电脑上安装了64种追踪技术，而且通常都没有任何警告。 The cookie- a tiny text file put on your PC by websites or marketing firms which might be used to remember your preferences for one site,or to track you across many sites-is already old news. There are new and more complex tools such as beacons which scan in real time what